中国是航天大国，但尚无重大科学目标牵引的大型战略性空间科学任务的经验。以美国新一代旗舰型空间天文学任务宽视场红外巡天望远镜（Wide Field Infrared Survey Tele-scope，WFISRT）为样本，介绍了其科学目标和有效载荷，梳理了任务剖面的数次更改和曲折的研发历程。将其与中国科学卫星系列的研制流程进行了比较分析，以期为中国“十四五”乃至更长远的空间科学任务布局提供参考。
As a space power, China hasn't launched a large-size mission driven by scientific objectives yet. For a case study, the paper investigates the development of NASA's next-generation astrophysics mission-wide field infrared survey telescope (WFISRT), a flagship/large-size mission. Despite that WFIRST has been confronted with cancellation in NASA FY budgets during the past few years, the project passed a critical programmatic and technical milestone in March 2020, and was given the official green light to begin hardware development and testing (Phase C). In the following May, NASA renamed the telescope after Nancy Grace Roman, i.e., Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, which shows the mission's strong vitality. Roman Space Telescope aims to conduct dark energy research, exoplanet search and near-infrared survey, while demonstrating the coronagraph's technology for direct imaging of Earth-like exoplanets. WFIRST fits for the NASA's Vision and Mission, and will strengthen US leadership in space science, and its development somehow provides lessons learned about flagship missions.
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