意大利作为世界重要航天国家和欧洲航天局主要成员国，与中国有着久远的人文与科技交流，为人类探索太空的许多里程碑任务做出了不可忽略的贡献。追溯了意大利悠久的空间科技发展史和诸多亮点，包括中国火药对其“火”箭技术发展的促进作用；归纳了意-中在载人航天、地震空间电磁监测、空间科学卫星等领域开展的重要合作以及系列丰硕的成果；并指出意中科技文化交流源远流长，共同促进了文明的进步，如“西学东渐”等自然和社会科学知识的传播活动等。展望未来，在“一带一路”倡议的推动下，意中携手，可在探索浩瀚宇宙奥秘征程中为人类做出新的贡献。
Italy is one of the most important aerospace powers in the world, as well as an important member state of the European Space Agency, with a long tradition of the cultural, scientific, and technological exchanges with China and with a significant contribution to numerous breakthrough missions in the history of the space exploration. This paper reviews the historical development of the space science and technology in Italy, focusing on several main highlights, such as the import of the gunpowder from China in the 14th century, which initiated the technical development of Italy's very first rockets. Besides, the Italy-China cooperation is reviewed in the manned spaceflight, the earthquake electromagnetic monitoring in space, the space science satellites, and the numerous other fruitful results. It is concluded that the past and present cooperation between Italy and China promotes the progress of human civilization, including the contributions made by Italian missionaries to the development of natural and social sciences in China. Under the momentum of the Belt and Road initiative, Italy and China can cooperate to make even greater contributions to the human civilization and to the exploration of the mysteries of the vast universe.
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