数据安全治理规则对于数据跨境流动至关重要。在评析典型国家和国际现行的双边和多边跨境数据流动安全治理规则的基础上,分析了中国跨境数据流动安全治理立法现状,并提出相关建议:中国应细化相关规定并完善数据分级分类监管制度,同时要完善数据领域的阻断法,积极应对他国的长臂管辖;要积极参与数据跨境国际规则的制定,将数据安全条款嵌入国际经贸规则中,并进一步促进达成全球数据安全流动规则。
Data security governance rules are essential for cross-border data flow. Based on the analysis of cross-border data flow security governance rules of typical countries and bilateral and multinational treaties, China's cross-border data flow security governance rules are studied and relevant suggestions are provided. Firstly, we should refine relevant regulations and improve the data classification supervision system; at the same time, we should improve the blocking law in the data field to avoid the long arm jurisdiction of other countries. Secondly, it is necessary to actively participate in the formulation of international cross-border rules for data, embed data security clauses into international economic and trade rules, and further promote the achievement of global data security flow rules.
[1] Mitchell A D, Mishra N. Regulating cross-border data flows in a data-driven world:How WTO law can contribute[J]. Journal of International Economic Law, 2019, 22(3):394-395.
[2] Anupam C. Data nationalism[J]. Emory Law Journal, 2015(3):678-739.
[3] 张舵. 跨境数据流动的法律规制问题研究[J]. 社会科学, 2018(1):116-119.
[4] 彭岳. 贸易规制视域下数据隐私保护的冲突与解决[J]. 比较法研究, 2018(4):176-187.
[5] 何波. 俄罗斯跨境数据流动立法规则与执法实践[J]. 大数据, 2016, 2(6):130.
[6] 胡文华, 孔华锋. 印度数据本地化与跨境流动立法实践研究[J]. 计算机应用与软件, 2019, 36(8):307.
[7] 王瑞. 欧盟《通用数据保护条例》主要内容与影响分析[J]. 金融会计, 2018(8):17-26.
[8] Christopher Kuner. 欧洲数据保护法:公司遵守与管制[M]. 旷野, 杨会水, 李晓娴, 等译. 北京:法律出版社, 2008.
[9] 弓永钦, 王健. APEC与欧盟个人数据跨境流动规则的研究[J]. 亚太经济, 2015(5):9-13.
[10] 王融. 大数据时代——数据保护与流动规则[M]. 北京:人民邮电出版社, 2017:270.
[11] 刘天骄. 数据主权与长臂管辖的理论分野与实践冲突[J]. 环球法律评论, 2020, 42(2):189.
[12] Schrems M. The privacy shield is a soft update of the safe harbor[J]. European Data Protection Law Review, 2016, 2(2):148-150.