中国有1.0×108 ha盐碱地资源，其中0.33×108 ha有开发利用潜力。修复、利用盐碱地有重要的经济、生态和社会效益。经过10多年的研究，华中农业大学选育出耐盐碱甘蓝型油菜“华油杂62”等品种，在中国滨海盐碱地和内陆盐碱地均能生长良好，可收获青鲜油菜4.5×104~7.5×104 kg/ha，也可翻耕作绿肥。耐盐碱油菜具有“利用”与“改良”盐碱地相结合的特色，是改良利用盐碱地最有优势的大田作物。利用耐盐碱油菜、农牧结合等综合措施，是修复、利用盐碱地经济有效、可持续发展的途径。
汪波
,
文静
,
张凤华
,
李立军
,
来永才
,
任长忠
,
鲁剑巍
,
沈金雄
,
郭亮
,
周广生
,
傅廷栋
. 耐盐碱油菜品种选育及修复利用盐碱地研究进展[J]. 科技导报, 2021
, 39(23)
: 59
-64
.
DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2021.23.009
There are 1.5 billion mu of saline and alkaline land in China, among which 0.5 billion mu has the potential to use. Restoring and utilizing these fields will bring great economic, environmental and social benefits. Huayouza 62--a saline-alkaline tolerant cultivar--was bred by Huazhong Agricultural University after more than 10 years' research. In the coastal and inland salinate fields, Huayouza 62 can grow well with fresh biomass of 4.5×104~7.5×104 kg/ha, and it can also be used as green manure. Saline-alkaline tolerant rapeseed has the characteristics of combining utilization and restoration of the salinate soil. Thus, the rapeseed is the most dominant field crop to utilize and restore the salinate land. We believe that to use comprehensive measures including utilization of saline-alkaline tolerant rapeseed and coordination farming and animal husbandry is an economical and sustainable developmental scheme.
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