为探讨冬季项目运动员膝关节运动损伤修复术后功能恢复进程以及重返赛场情况，选取2007年1月至2021年1月在北京大学第三医院运动医学科进行膝关节损伤修复手术的冬季项目专业运动员的恢复情况进行回顾性分析。通过对患者的基本信息和随访结果进行分析，探讨冬季运动员术后功能恢复和重返赛场进程。回顾性分析36例冬季项目运动员的随访结果，男性13例，女性23例。91.67%（33例）的患者能在1年内恢复正常生活，86.11%（31例）的患者能够在术后1年内重返运动。术后1年Tegner评分8（5~8），IKDC评分72.77±7.91（46~82），Lysholm评分83.29±12.84（50~100），相较于术前有显著提升。重返赛场比率为66.67%（24/例）。4例术后再次损伤。冬季项目运动员下肢运动损伤多以膝关节韧带为主，术后整体功能恢复情况好，重返赛场比率较高。术后进行科学、规范、精准化的术后康复训练，有利于运动员术后功能的恢复与重返赛场的表现。
To explore the functional recovery process and the return to the competition of the winter athletes and to provide reference for the rehabilitation and the prevention of related injuries in China, a retrospective review is made of all winter sports athletes operated at Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital between January 2007 and January 2021. The functional recovery and the return to the field of winter athletes are explored by analyzing the basic patient information and the follow-up results, including a total of 36 follow-up results of winter program athletes, 13 males and 23 females. 91.67% (33) of the patients return to the normal life within 1 year and 86.11% (31) return to exercise within 1 year after the surgery. Oneyear postoperative Tegner score 8 (5~8), IKDC score 72.77±7.91(46~82) and Lysholm score 83.29±12.84 (50~100) compared to preoperative improvement. The rate of return to competition is 66.67% (24/36). Four people suffer from another injury after the surgery. The postoperative functional recovery is generally good and the rate of return to sport in winter athletes is high. It is necessary to carry out the scientific and standardized postoperative rehabilitation training, so as to promote the recovery of the athletes' postoperative functions and the performance after their return to the competition field.
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