科技导报 >

2022 , Vol. 40 >Issue 8: 27 - 39

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.08.003

专题：稀土资源可持续发展战略

稀土资源的全球分布与开发潜力评估

  • 王路 ,
  • 汪鹏 ,
  • 王翘楚 ,
  • 刘颖 ,
  • 张彪 ,
  • 陈伟强
展开
  • 1. 中国科学院赣江创新研究院, 赣州 341100;
    2. 中国科学院城市环境研究所, 中国科学院城市环境与健康重点实验室, 厦门 361021;
    3. 内蒙古科技大学矿业与煤炭学院, 包头 014010;
    4. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
王路,副研究员,研究方向为关键金属资源环境战略,电子信箱:lwang@gia.cas.cn

收稿日期: 2022-02-09

  修回日期: 2022-03-31

  网络出版日期: 2022-06-10

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（42061049，52000168）；中国科学院赣江创新研究院自主部署项目（E055B004）；中国科学院重点部署项目（ZDRW-CN-2021-3）；国家重点研发计划项目（2020YFC1909101）

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Global distribution and development potential of rare earth resources

  • WANG Lu ,
  • WANG Peng ,
  • WANG Qiaochu ,
  • LIU Ying ,
  • ZHANG Biao ,
  • CHEN Weiqiang
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  • 1. Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341100, China;
    2. Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China;
    3. Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, School of Mining and Coal, Baotou 014010, China;
    4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received date: 2022-02-09

  Revised date: 2022-03-31

  Online published: 2022-06-10

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摘要

稀土是重要的战略资源，然而目前全球稀土储量难以满足未来需求，因此寻找和开发潜在的稀土资源迫在眉睫。建立了稀土资源开发潜力评估指标体系并赋予权重，评估了全球稀土资源的分布及开发潜力，得出如下结论：（1）稀土资源开发潜力评估指标体系由矿产资源开发潜力评估指标体系和政策环境评估指标体系构成，其中前者权重大于后者；（2）中国是轻稀土储量最多的国家，丹麦（格陵兰）的重稀土储量十分可观；（3）巴西的Prado矿、南非的Steenkampskraal矿、美国的Pea Ridge矿和俄罗斯的Tomtor矿是全球品位较高的稀土矿；（4）俄罗斯、丹麦（格陵兰）、澳大利亚、加拿大和美国拥有除中国外最具开发潜力的稀土矿床。面对海外稀土供应潜力的持续提升，中国须加强本国稀土资源的勘查力度，掌握国际稀土产业发展的最新态势，积极谋篇布局，充分利用国外资源并抢占产业的科技制高点，努力保证中国稀土资源的供应安全和产业链优势。

关键词： 稀土; 远景储量; 开发潜力; 资源安全

本文引用格式

王路 , 汪鹏 , 王翘楚 , 刘颖 , 张彪 , 陈伟强 . 稀土资源的全球分布与开发潜力评估[J]. 科技导报, 2022 , 40(8) : 27 -39 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.08.003

Abstract

The rare earth is an important strategic material,but its current global reserves cannot meet the future demand. Therefore, it is urgent to find and develop potential rare earth resources. Based on previous research results, this paper proposes an evaluation index system, with assigned weights, to evaluate the development potential of the global rare earth resources. The following conclusions can be drawn. (1) The evaluation index system is composed of that of the mineral resource development potential and that of the policy environment, with a greater weight for the former and a smaller weight for the latter. (2) In terms of the prospective reserves, China has the largest reserves of the light rare earth, while Denmark (Greenland) has the largest reserves of the heavy rare earth. (3) In terms of the deposit grade, Prado mine in Brazil, Steenkampskraal mine in South Africa, Pea Ridge mine in the United States and Tomtor mine in Russia are among the top rare earth grades in the world. (4) In terms of the deposit development potential, Russia, Denmark (Greenland), Australia, Canada and the United States have the most potential rare earth deposits without counting China. In the face of the increasing supply potential of the global rare earth, China must increase the exploration of its own resources, fully understand the latest development trend of the international rare earth industry, make plans in advance, make full use of the overseas rare earth resources, and ensure the supply security and the industrial chain advantages of China's rare earth resources.

Key words： rare earth; prospective reserves; development potential; resource security

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