厘清了科技发展战略的概念内涵，从重大科技任务目标生成和实现的角度，阐述战略科学家的任务和使命，由此分析了战略科学家必须具备的科学属性、战略属性以及人格特质。强调在特定历史发展时期，科技举国体制是战略科学家用武之地，且战略科学家是国家科技及其人才安全网链的关键少数。分析了战略科学家与科技领导者、专业领军人才的差别，指出培育战略科学家不同于培养科技领导者：“育”“养”之别在于国家要提供一个传统科学家向战略科学家转变的好环境。与面向国家重大需求的工程应用领域不同，在纯基础研究领域有重大科学贡献的大科学家就是真正的战略科学家。基于上述内涵的理解和观念升华，界定细分了战略科学家的类型，相应提出了在中国现阶段如何培育战略科学家的意见。
This paper first clarifies the question of what is the strategy of science and technology in the conceptual connotation, and then expounds the task and the mission of the strategic scientist from the angle of the generation and the realization of the task goal in science and technology, and analyzes the scientific attributes, the strategic properties and the personality characteristics that make a strategic scientist. It is emphasized that in the specific historical period, the whole nation system of science and technology is the place where the strategic scientists are engaged, and they are the key minority for the national safety of science and technology in their talent net-chain. The paper also points out that the strategic scientists and the executive leaders of science and technology are different, and that the cultivation of strategic scientists is not the same as training of executive leaders of science and technology:the difference of "cultivation" and "training" lies in providing a good environment for scientists to become strategic scientists. The paper also points out that, unlike the engineering application in a great demand from the country, a great scientist who has made a great scientific contribution in pure basic research is the real strategic scientist. Based on the understanding and the sublimation of the above concepts, this paper defines and subdivides the types of strategic scientists, and accordingly offers my personal opinions on how to cultivate strategic scientists in China at the present stage.
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