兴起于21世纪初期的低碳经济，以能源结构、经济结构低碳化发展为核心。概要总结了党的十八大以来中国低碳经济的发展成就，指出能源绿色低碳转型步伐加快，产业结构不断绿色转型升级，节能减排降碳成效显著，植树造林和循环经济发展降低了碳强度，绿色低碳生活方式成为社会时尚，积极参与气候变化全球治理，开展应对气候变化南南合作，为发展中国家提供了力所能及的支持和帮助。中国碳达峰碳中和目标的提出，激发了低碳经济的发展活力，在分析中国发展面临的机遇和挑战基础上，提出要坚持先立后破、通盘谋划，在降碳的同时确保能源安全，把经济结构优化作为重要任务，将中国特色社会主义现代化强国作为努力方向，实现永续发展。

The low carbon economy rising at the beginning of this century has focused on the low-carbon transition of energy structure and economic structure. China has accelerated the pace of green and low-carbon transformation of energy, continuously upgraded the industrial structure, and achieved remarkable results in energy conservation, emission reduction and carbon reduction. Afforestation and circular economy development have also reduced the carbon intensity and the green and low-carbon lifestyle has become a social fashion since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. China has actively participated in global governance of climate change and carry out South-South cooperation to address climate change and provide support and assistance to developing countries within its capabilities. China's goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization has stimulated the vitality of low-carbon economic development. Based on the analysis of opportunities and challenges faced by China's development, it is proposed that we should adhere to the principle of establishing first and then breaking down, make overall planning, ensure energy security while reducing carbon, take the optimization of economic structure as an important task, and take the socialist modernization power with Chinese characteristics as the direction to achieve sustainable development.