上交叉综合征（UCS）在伏案工作者等群体中极为常见，主要表现为头部前倾姿势、颈痛、肌肉僵硬。以UCS患者为研究对象，利用实时应变弹性成像（RTE）技术，对康复治疗前后的颈部肌肉功能进行康复评定，明确了体外冲击波疗法（ESWT）治疗UCS颈痛的潜在机制。评定指标包括：头夹肌及上斜方肌的弹性应变率比值（SR）、颈痛视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分、颈椎功能障碍指数（NDI）及颈椎活动度（ROM）。ESWT康复治疗后，UCS患者的头夹肌SR、上斜方肌SR、颈痛VAS、NDI均显著低于治疗前，而颈部前屈-后伸ROM显著高于治疗前。相关性分析提示，ESWT可通过降低UCS患者头夹肌、上斜方肌的相对硬度，使疼痛程度降低，颈椎ROM提高，从而改善了患者颈椎整体功能。
Upper crossed syndrome (UCS) is extremely common in groups such as desk workers, mainly manifested as head forward posture, neck pain, and muscle stiffness. This study focuses on UCS patients and utilizes real-time tissue elastography (RTE) technique to assess the recovery of cervical muscle function before and after rehabilitation treatment. The aim is to clarify the potential mechanism of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) for treating UCS neck pain. The indexes included the strain ratio (SR) of the Splenius capitis and the upper Trapezius, visual analogue scale (VAS) for cervical pain, neck disability index (NDI), and range of motion (ROM) of the cervical spine. After ESWT, the patients' SR of Splenius capitis and upper Trapezius, VAS, and NDI were significantly lower than before, while the cervical flexion-extension ROM was significantly higher than before. Correlation analysis suggested that ESWT could reduce the pain level and improve the cervical ROM in UCS patients by relieving the muscular stiffness of Splenius capitis and upper Trapezius, thereby improving the overall function of the cervical spine.
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