2023年天文学热点回眸

杨隽; 赵桐; 宋宇佳; 苟利军

doi:10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2024.01.004

科技导报 >

2024 , Vol. 42 >Issue 1: 72 - 86

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2024.01.004

专题：2023年科技热点回眸

2023年天文学热点回眸

杨隽 ,
赵桐 ,
宋宇佳 ,
苟利军

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1. 中国科学院国家天文台, 北京 100012;
2. 中国科学院大学天文和空间科学学院, 北京 100049

杨隽,硕士研究生,研究方向为恒星级黑洞爆发现象,电子信箱:yangjun@bao.ac.cn;赵桐（共同第一作者）,硕士研究生,研究方向为恒星级黑洞爆发现象,电子信箱:zhaotong@bao.ac.cn;宋宇佳（共同第一作者）,博士研究生,研究方向为恒星级黑洞爆发现象,电子信箱:songyj@bao.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2023-12-18

修回日期: 2023-12-28

网络出版日期: 2024-04-09

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(12273058)

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Top astronomy events in 2023

YANG Jun ,
ZHAO Tong ,
SONG Yujia ,
GOU Lijun

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1. National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;
2. School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received date: 2023-12-18

Revised date: 2023-12-28

Online published: 2024-04-09

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摘要

回顾了2023年天文学领域的重大成果与进展。詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜产生诸多新发现,对星系形成、系外行星探索等方面提供了重要数据;“中国天眼”超高的灵敏度使它在短时间内得到足够精确的数据,率先探测到纳赫兹引力波存在的关键证据;欧几里得空间望远镜升空并发回了第一批图像,接过普朗克卫星的接力棒,继续对宇宙暗能量、暗物质进行探索;墨子巡天望远镜正式启用,为北半球光学时域巡天提供了新的支持;小行星撞击实验分析结果出炉,为未来的行星防御计划提供了实证基础;探月热潮再次席卷全球,印度成为第4个成功在月球表面着陆的国家;观测发现了更多的新系外行星,拓展了人类对宇宙的认识;火星全球图像的公开、木星冰卫星探测器的发射,为太阳系科学研究带来新的进展;黑洞高清照、全景照发布,为理解黑洞周围的复杂结构提供了新视角,宇宙年龄受到质疑,实际年龄可能加倍。

关键词： 天文学; 空间望远镜; 月球探测; 小行星; 黑洞

本文引用格式

杨隽 , 赵桐 , 宋宇佳 , 苟利军 . 2023年天文学热点回眸[J]. 科技导报, 2024 , 42(1) : 72 -86 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2024.01.004

Abstract

This article reviews the major achievements and advances made in the field of astronomy in 2023. The James Webb Space Telescope produced many new discoveries and provided important data on many aspects, such as galaxy formation and exoplanet exploration. The ultra-high sensitivity of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope(FAST) allowed it to obtain sufficiently accurate data in a short period of time and become the first to detect a key evidence of nanohertz gravitational waves. The Euclid telescope was launched and sent back the first batch of images, took over the baton from the Planck satellite and continued to explore dark energy and dark matter of the universe. The Wide Field Survey Telescope(WFST)was put into operation, providing new support for optical time-domain survey in the Northern Hemisphere. The results of the asteroid impact experiment were released, providing an empirical basis for the future planetary defense plan. Lunar exploration fever was once again sweeping the world, and India became the fourth country to successfully land on the lunar surface.Observations discovered more new exoplanets and expanded our understanding of the universe. The publication of global images of Mars and launching probes into Jupiter's icy moons brought new progress to the scientific research of our solar system. Highresolution and panoramic images of black holes were released, providing a new perspective for understanding the complex structures around black holes. The age of the universe was questioned, the actual age might be doubled.

Key words： astronomy; space telescope; lunar exploration; asteroids; black hole

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