Antibiotics have emerged as a significant contaminant, and gained increasing attention both domestically and internationally. In this study, the environmental risk management needs and the current handling situation of antibiotic fermentation residues are proposed to find out the key points and approaches to the management of antibiotic residue environmental pollution control that align with China's national conditions. To address long-term environmental risk management of antibiotic fermentation residues and effectively control the pollutants produced in the residues, three key strategies have been proposed. First, to conduct production information surveys and hazard screenings to continuously assess and clarify the risk situation including evaluating the risk of antibiotic resistance. Then, to support scientific research and the application of technology, enhance collaboration between antibiotic production enterprises and research institutions through an integrated approach of "industry-academia-research-application", develop specialized scientific projects, accelerate the development of monitoring and early warning methods, and promote the innovation and industrial application of technologies for harmless treatment and resource utilization. Last, to improve the risk evaluation methods for safe use of antibiotic fermentation residues, explore the mechanisms of resistance risk transmission through laboratory and field trials, and establish environmental safety evaluation methods for resource-based products, as well as management and long-term safety monitoring systems for the flow of resource-based products, to comprehensively promote the green transformation of the antibiotic industry and effective control of pollution at its source.
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