以福州森林公园为例，使用微气候模型ENVI-met模拟分析不同植被空间配置类型对降温效果的影响，旨在提出森林公园植被降温成效的提升策略。根据不同植被空间配置和降温效果的相关性，设计了18种理想化场景。这18种场景代表了具有3种不同碎片化程度的植被空间配置类型（块状绿地、稀疏点状绿地、密集点状绿地）和6种植被类型（裸地、草地、灌木、小乔木+草地、大乔木+草地、大乔木+灌木）。结果显示，大乔木是影响降温效果的重要因素，而草地和灌木由于热辐射的累积，并不会导致周围空气降温；此外，对于乔木，植被空间配置类型的碎片化程度越高，会导致降温效果的显著降低，而对于草地和灌木，植被空间配置类型影响不显著。进而得出结论，在森林公园的植被营建和管理过程中，应重视乔木所发挥的降温作用，同时避免乔木组团空间碎片化，应让乔木组团高度聚集。
Taking the forest park located on the outskirts of Fuzhou, a typical high-density city on the southeast coast, as an example, this study used ENVI-MET software to simulate and analyze the impact of different vegetation spatial configuration types on the cooling effect, aiming to propose useful strategies to improve the cooling effect of forest park vegetation. The correlation between different vegetation spatial configurations and cooling effects was systematically clarified, 18 idealized scenarios were designed, and the microclimate model ENVI-MET was used for simulation analysis. These 18 scenes represent 3 vegetation spatial configuration types with different degrees of fragmentation (blocky green space, sparse point green space, dense point green space) and 6 vegetation types (bare land, grassland, shrub, small tree + grassland, large trees + grass, large trees + shrubs). The results show that large trees are an important factor affecting the cooling effect while grass and shrubs do not cause cooling of the surrounding air due to the reason of thermal radiation accumulation. In addition, the higher the degree of fragmentation of the spatial configuration type of tree vegetation, the lower the cooling effect will be, while the effect of spatial configuration types of grassland and shrub vegetation is not significant. It is further concluded that in the process of vegetation construction and management of forest parks, attention should be paid to the cooling effect of trees, at the same time, the fragmented design of space for tree clusters should be avoided, allowing the clusters of trees to be highly concentrated.
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