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陈刚,讲师,研究方向为微纳马达的驱动机理及其应用,电子信箱:gchen@zzuli.edu.cn |
收稿日期: 2024-05-27
修回日期: 2024-08-03
网络出版日期: 2024-12-12
基金资助
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(52106212)
河南省科技攻关项目(222102320402)
版权
Research progress on light−driven micro/nanomotors: Propulsion mechanisms and applications
Received date: 2024-05-27
Revised date: 2024-08-03
Online published: 2024-12-12
Copyright
近年来,光驱动微纳马达作为一种新兴的微型动力装置,因其能量输入可调、开关状态可逆且可远程操控等优势,在水环境处理、生物医疗以及生物传感等领域展现出广阔的应用前景。梳理了光驱动微纳马达在材料设计、光能利用与驱动控制等方面的研究进展,重点分析了基于光热效应、光致异构化以及光催化分解等不同机制的驱动机理,并列举了分别利用紫外光、可见光与近红外光驱动的微纳马达的独特优势及其典型应用。同时,该类马达在实际应用中仍面临光能转换效率较低、运动控制精度不足以及材料生物相容性和稳定性不佳等问题。未来研究应致力于提升光能转换效率、开发高生物相容性材料、优化运动控制策略,并探索多源驱动方式与多功能集成化设计,从而推动光驱动微纳马达性能的全面提升与应用范围的进一步扩展。
陈刚 , 刘云龙 , 张冰洋 . 光驱动微纳马达的机理及应用[J]. 科技导报, 2025 , 43(20) : 25 -36 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2024.05.00571
In recent years, light−driven micro/nanomotors have emerged as a novel type of miniature power device, leveraging their adjustable energy input, reversible switching state and remote operability. They have demonstrated broad application prospects in water environment treatment, biomedical fields, and biosensing. This paper aims to systematically summarize the research progress of light−driven micro/nanomotors, elucidate their propulsion mechanisms, and highlight typical applications driven by different types of light (ultraviolet, visible, and near−infrared light). Despite the substantial potential of light−driven micro/nanomotors in various domains, they still face numerous technical challenges, such as low propulsion efficiency, limited motion control precision, and issues with the biocompatibility of materials. Future research directions may include the integration of multiple driving methods, enhancement of light energy conversion efficiency, and development of biocompatible materials. These efforts will promote the performance improvement and application expansion of light−driven micro/nanomotors, bringing revolutionary changes to environmental protection and biomedical fields. By overcoming current technical obstacles, light−driven micro/nanomotors are expected to play a more significant role in future scientific research and practical applications.
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