以日本大学、科研机构及企业的研究人员为对象，分析其物质待遇、职业生涯管理、福利水平及其他激励机制，并总结其特点。研究发现：日本大学、科研机构与企业3方并立，各有优势的科研协作互补性关系对日本的科技创新发展起到了推动作用。日本科研经费充裕且来源多元，经费使用方向明确、分配具有竞争性和计划性，这些因素保障了日本科研的高质量发展。日本在优化科研经费的分配效率等措施的同时，注重增加青年学者获得研究基金的机会，为日本未来科学的发展提供了更多的可能。多样稳定的收入与科学的管理方式提高了科研人员的福利待遇，对激励机制的形成具有促进作用。

The research analyzed the material treatment, career management, welfare, and other incentives for researchers in Japanese universities, research institutions, and enterprises. It concluded that the complementary relationship of research collaboration among Japanese universities, research institutions, and enterprises, leveraging their respective strengths, has played an important role in promoting the development of scientific and technological innovation in Japan. Japan's scientific research is well-funded, with diverse sources of funding. Additionally, Japan's research funds are allocated clearly and competitively, ensuring the high-quality development of its scientific research. While optimizing the efficiency of research funding allocation and other measures, Japan focuses on increasing opportunities for young scholars to obtain research grants, providing more possibilities for the future development of science in Japan. The stable and diverse income sources, combined with scientific management methods, have improved the welfare of researchers and promoted the formation of incentive mechanisms. This study of the current situation and its characteristics has important reference significance for China in optimizing the incentive system of its fundamental research team.