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2025 , Vol. 43 >Issue 3: 20 - 36

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.02.00192

本刊专稿

2024年中国重大科学、技术和工程进展

  • 林润华 ,
  • 徐丽娇 ,
  • 王志敏 ,
  • 黄文光 ,
  • 祝叶华
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  • 科技导报社, 北京 100081

林润华，副编审，研究方向为电子信息期刊出版，电子信箱：

收稿日期: 2024-12-30

  网络出版日期: 2025-03-07

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Top advances of science, technology and engineering from China in 2024

  • Runhua LIN ,
  • Lijiao XU ,
  • Zhimin WANG ,
  • Wenguang HUANG ,
  • Yehua ZHU
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  • Editorial Department of Science & Technology Review, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2024-12-30

  Online published: 2025-03-07

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摘要

本着分门别类、本刊推荐、专家遴选、宁缺毋滥、叙述事实的原则，从国内外重要科技期刊和科技新闻媒体所报道的中国科技成果中，按科学、技术、工程3个类别，由《科技导报》编辑部遴选、推荐候选条目，经《科技导报》编委、审稿人等专家通信评选，推选出2024年中国重大科学、技术和工程进展30项。（1）中国重大科学10项进展分别为：发现迄今全球最早的多细胞真核生物化石；发现新型钙-氧气电池；“拉索”发现高能宇宙线起源关键证据；破解叶绿体基因“转录机器”构造；解密细胞自组织漩涡的机理；实验上首次发现引力子模；提出应用青蒿素类衍生物治疗多囊卵巢综合征的新策略；发现异体通用型CAR-T治疗自身免疫疾病新疗法；发现高丰度绿色元素催化生产低碳烯烃新机制；揭秘月背土壤成分与年代。（2）中国重大技术10项进展分别为：解码抗癌药物紫杉醇的生物合成途径；开发具Pb容量的3D纳米级光盘存储器；研制出大规模智能光计算芯片太极；利用国产型扫描探针显微镜首次“看到”冰表面的原子结构；基于原语表示的类脑互补视觉感知芯片“天眸芯”研制成功；实现以RNA为媒介的基因精准写入；构建超越经典计算机的量子模拟器；研制具有原子尺度局域化光场的奇点介电纳米激光；高性能有机热电材料研究取得重要进展；借助AI破解催化领域重大科学难题。（3）中国重大工程10项进展分别为：中国南极第5站秦岭站建成开站；亚洲第一深水导管架“海基二号”出港；嫦娥六号实现世界首次月球背面采样返回；国家重大工程深中通道正式通车试运营；我国刷新水冷磁体世界纪录；我国首艘大洋钻探船“梦想”号正式入列；我国自主研制世界首台低能量强流高电荷态重离子研究装通过验收；世界最大吨位新型“海上浮式生产储油船”交付离港；全球最大压缩空气储能电站开工；世界最长高速公路隧道天山胜利隧道顺利贯通。

关键词： 中国科技成就; 重大科学进展; 重大技术进展; 重大工程进展

本文引用格式

林润华 , 徐丽娇 , 王志敏 , 黄文光 , 祝叶华 . 2024年中国重大科学、技术和工程进展[J]. 科技导报, 2025 , 43(3) : 20 -36 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.02.00192

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