动力电池技术革新与典型安全评价技术综述

王芳; 韩策; 闫鹏飞; 王炜娜; 马小乐; 刘仕强

doi:10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00015

科技导报 >

2025 , Vol. 43 >Issue 11: 87 - 96

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00015

研究论文

动力电池技术革新与典型安全评价技术综述

王芳 ^,¹ ,
韩策 ² ,
闫鹏飞 ² ,
王炜娜 ¹ ,
马小乐 ¹ ,
刘仕强 ¹

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1. 中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司, 天津 300300
2. 中汽研新能源汽车检验中心(天津)有限公司, 天津 300300

王芳，教授级高级工程师，研究方向为新能源汽车及关键零部件测试技术，电子信箱：wangfang2011@catarc.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2025-03-05

网络出版日期: 2025-06-26

基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFB2505004)

天津市科技计划项目(24YZJDSS00140)

天津市青年科技人才项目(QN20230201)

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Review on technological innovation and typical safety evaluation of traction battery

Fang WANG ^,¹ ,
Ce HAN ² ,
Pengfei YAN ² ,
Weina WANG ¹ ,
Xiaole MA ¹ ,
Shiqiang LIU ¹

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1. China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300300, China
2. CATARC New Energy Vehicle Research and Inspection Center(Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300300, China

Received date: 2025-03-05

Online published: 2025-06-26

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摘要

近年来，通过材料创新、结构优化和管理系统升级，动力电池在能量密度、充电速度和使用寿命等方面取得了显著进展。然而，随着新技术的应用，动力电池的安全设计问题依然不容忽视，尤其在快充、底部磕碰和热事件等使用场景中仍存在较高的安全风险。系统梳理了动力电池技术革新的主要方向，包括结构设计创新及化学体系升级，并分析了由此引入的安全性能提升策略。从测试评价的角度，深入分析了电池快充、底部冲击及热扩散行为等前沿安全问题，并提出了针对电池全生命周期的安全评价技术。通过综述实验与仿真测试技术，构建了多层级的动力电池安全评价框架，为动力电池技术的进一步发展和测试评价的优化提供了理论支持与实践指导。

关键词： 动力电池; 快速充电; 底部防护; 热扩散

本文引用格式

王芳 , 韩策 , 闫鹏飞 , 王炜娜 , 马小乐 , 刘仕强 . 动力电池技术革新与典型安全评价技术综述[J]. 科技导报, 2025 , 43(11) : 87 -96 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00015

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