建设世界科技强国须以优良作风学风为支撑。基于中国科学技术协会（以下简称“中国科协”）开展的全国科技工作者状况调查，结合当前科技界存在的精神动力弱化、功利主义蔓延等不良现象，剖析了不良作风学风现象背后的文化、制度、个人等方面的成因，指出了不良作风学风对学术生态、人才培养及公众信任的危害。提出了通过示范引领弘扬科学家精神、打假治浮整治突出问题、以文化人构筑科学文化自信等路径，建议强化作风学风治理，营造风清气正的创新生态，推进高水平科技自立自强。

Building a world power in science and technology requires support from excellent work styles and academic ethics. Based on the survey data of the national scientific and technological workers conducted by the China Association for Science and Technology, this paper analyzed the cultural, institutional, and individual causes behind the negative phenomena in the scientific community, such as weakened spiritual motivation and the spread of utilitarianism. It pointed out the harm of poor academic conduct to the academic ecosystem, talent cultivation, and public trust. The paper proposed paths to strengthen the governance of work styles and academic ethics through demonstration and guidance to promote the spirit of scientists, combating academic misconduct and formalism, and cultivating scientific and cultural confidence through education, so as to create a clean and positive innovation ecosystem and advance high-level scientific and technological self-reliance.