绕圆盘钝体空化绕流现象的试验与数值模拟

黄 彪;王国玉;张敏第

doi:10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.12.004

科技导报 >

2011 , Vol. 28 >Issue 11-12: 37 - 41

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.12.004

研究论文

绕圆盘钝体空化绕流现象的试验与数值模拟

黄彪;王国玉;张敏第

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北京理工大学机械与车辆工程学院，北京 100081

收稿日期: 2010-10-08

修回日期: 2011-04-02

网络出版日期: 2011-04-22

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Experimental and Numerical Simulation of Cavitating Flow Around a Disc

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Received date: 2010-10-08

Revised date: 2011-04-02

Online published: 2011-04-22

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摘要

通过试验研究与计算流体力学（CFD）数值分析相结合的方式深入研究了在不同空化阶段，绕圆盘钝体的非定常空化流动现象。试验和计算中，保持雷诺数不变，通过改变环境压强获得了不同空化数。试验在高速空化水洞中完成，采用高速摄像技术观测了各个空化阶段绕圆盘钝体的空穴形态，数值计算采用了汽-液两相的均相流模型，湍流模型和空化模型均分别采用基于密度函数分域的闭合方式，数值计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。研究结果表明，在不同空化阶段，绕圆盘钝体非定常空化流场呈现不同的阶段性特征，空化流场结构与形态存在很大的差异，随着空化数的减小，空化流场经历了小尺度空泡团的脉动—不稳定团状空化—稳定超空化等阶段，在空化的发展过程中，存在强烈的汽、液相间的质量和动量交换。

关键词： 圆盘钝体; 非定常空化; 空穴形态

本文引用格式

黄彪;王国玉;张敏第 . 绕圆盘钝体空化绕流现象的试验与数值模拟[J]. 科技导报, 2011 , 28(11-12) : 37 -41 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.12.004

Abstract

The unsteady cavitating flows around a disc are studied by experimental and numerical methods, where the Reynolds number remains the same and different cavitation numbers are obtained by changing the pressure values. Experiments are carried out in a rectangular test section of a cavitation tunnel; and a high-speed video camera is used to visualize the unsteady cavitation flow patterns. The calculations are conducted for a three-dimensional disc, based on a single-fluid model of the cavitation: the liquid/vapor mixture is considered as a homogeneous fluid with its composition being regulated by the mass transfer equation. A density modified corrected unsteady cavitation closure is used in calculations. The results show that the cavitation around the disc can be well simulated with the density modification based closure, the trend of cavity shapes against the cavitation number and the time is properly reflected. The flow field of the cavitating flows experiences several stages, including the small-scale bubble pulse, the instable bulk cavitation and the stable supercavitation. Here, the unsteadiness of the mass transfer process between the vapor and the two-phase regions is dominant.

Key words： disc; unsteady cavitating flow; cavity shape

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