CO₂温室气体使全球气候变暖，温度幅度已经超出了其本身自然变动的范围，对人类的生存和社会经济的发展构成了严重威胁。CO₂的地质处置最有效的方式就是注入油气田，不但封存了CO₂，而且还可提高油气田的采收率，国外注CO₂驱提高原油采收率技术已在低渗透油藏中得到了广泛应用。针对中国低渗透油藏自然产能低、地层能量不足、地层压力下降快等引起采收率低的现状，在分析CO₂混相和非混相驱提高采收率机制的基础上，系统整理和归纳了CO₂驱油技术中混相驱和非混相驱两种作用方式的研究现状。通过国内外低渗透油藏注CO₂驱提高采收率应用情况分析指出，CO₂作为一种有效的驱油剂，CO₂驱能得到明显的增油降水和提高采收率的效果，总结了目前需要解决的主要问题，提出应积极开展注CO₂驱油技术的研究和现场试验的建议，并对CO₂驱油技术的发展前景进行了展望。

The global warming is accelerating due to huge amount of greenhouse gas emission of CO₂ which leads to the temperature rise and the climate change on the earth. Global warming has put much pressure on both human being survival and social economy development. The most effective way for disposing CO₂ is to directly inject them into oil and gas fields, and only in this way, not only CO₂ could be sealed up but also the recovery rate of oil and gas fields could be enhanced. CO₂ flooding Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technique has been widely applied to the low permeability reservoirs all over the world. Against the status that Chinese natural capacity of low permeability reservoir is low, carbon dioxide miscible and non-miscible flooding mechanism of EOR, and corresponding screening criteria, the research status are systematically discussed in here. According to actual application analysis of carbon dioxide to enhance oil recovery in low permeability reservoir at home and abroad, it is put forward that carbon dioxide could increase oil and decrease water, and effectively enhance oil recovery, and the main problems needed to be solved are summarized. In addition, the suggestions on actively developing carbon dioxide technique research and on-site test are offered. Finally, the development prospect of EOR is looked ahead.