为了在可控震源地震勘探时,提高地震数据的信噪比和分辨率,根据相控震源原理,通过对单震源地震信号进行延时叠加,可以等效合成定向地震波信号,节省地震勘探成本。针对水平单层和多层模型,本文给出了采用单震源和单震源定向合成技术时各反射地震波的信噪比,仿真计算结果表明,单震源定向合成地震记录可以提高反射地震波信号的信噪比。通过对野外数据的定向照明合成进行信噪比改善的分析,基于单震源定向合成记录相对于单震源的信噪比平均提高了6.4041dB,有效地改善了地震勘探效果。

In order to increase the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and resolution of seismic data for the vibrator seismic exploration, according to the principle of phased-controlled sources, by means of delay and superposition on single source seismic signals, directed seismic signal is able to be equivalently synthesized for saving the cost of exploration. For horizontal single-layer and multi-layers model, the SNR of seismic waves is presented when the single source and single source directed synthesis techniques are used, and the simulation results show that the single-source directed synthetic seismic waves could effectively improve the SNR of seismic waves. Through the analysis on the SNR improvement due to the directional lighting synthesis of field data, the SNR of directional synthetic records based on single-source is improved by the average of 6.4041 dB comparing with the SNR of single source. The effects of seismic exploration are effectively improved.