建立了一种基于最小物流费用的多产品三阶段供应链选址分配模型,该模型综合考虑了原材料和产品的运输费、工厂的固定建设费及原材料采购费和产品加工费、销售中心的固定建设费和库存保管费等。在多产品三阶段供应链体系中,在供应商-工厂阶段,一个工厂不仅可以从不同的供应商处采购不同产品的原材料,而且同一种产品的原材料也可以从不同的供应商处采购;在工厂-销售中心和销售中心-顾客阶段,产品需求者虽然可以从不同供应者处采购不同产品,但同一种产品却只能从一个供应者处进货。根据模型的这些特点,本文结合选址问题的随机顺序编码和运输问题的优先权编码技术,设计了一种新的染色体编码方法,从而借助遗传算法实现了多产品三阶段供应链选址分配问题的求解。数值仿真结果表明,本文给出的染色体编码方案是恰当的,设计的遗传算法具有较高的搜索效率,能够快速稳定地求解多产品三阶段供应链选址分配问题。

Based on the principle for minimizing the total logistics cost, a location-allocation model of three-stage supply chain with multi-products is established. The model takes the transportation expenses of raw materials and products, the fixed construction cost, the cost of raw materials, and the processing cost of products for factories, as well as fixed construction fee and storage fee for sales centers into account. In the stage of supplier-factory, a factory not only can purchase different raw materials from different suppliers, but also can purchase the same kind of raw materials from different suppliers; however, in the stages of factory-sales center and sales center-customer, though a product demander can purchase different products from different suppliers, however the same kind of products must be purchased from a single supplier. Based on these characteristics of the model, the stochastic order encoding in a location problem is combined with the priority encoding in a transportation problem to design a new chromosome encoding method, the method is able to use genetic algorithm for solving the location-allocation problem of three stage supply chain with multi-products. The simulation results of numerical experiment show that the proposed encoding technique of chromosome is suitable, and the genetic algorithm has the fairly good research efficiency, it is able to rapidly and stably solve the location-allocation problem of three-stage supply chain with multi-products.