目前大部分自然通风的研究只考虑了简单的平均特性,假定自然风为恒定风会造成与实际效果较大误差。鉴于此,为了能更加客观精确地探讨自然通风建筑通风效果,详细综述了自然风的波动特性,并讨论了自然风波动特性对自然通风量的影响,将通风量的预测方法归纳为基于稳态条件下的修正方法和基于波动条件下的非稳态模型方法,分析了自然风的湍流强度和波动频率两个参数对人体热舒适的影响。指出需尽快建立适用于中国工程设计用的基于非稳态边界条件下的自然通风模型。

At present, most studies in this direction consider only the characteristics of the mean flow rate in the natural ventilation, which would lead to errors, because the wind is thus considered as a steady flow. In order to better evaluate the ventilation effects of naturally ventilated buildings, the fluctuating characteristics of the natural wind should be considered, and the impacts of the fluctuating characteristics on the natural ventilation rates are discussed in this paper. The prediction methods for the ventilation rates are divided into two types: the correction method based on the steady-state flow assumption and the fluctuation method based on the unsteady-state flow assumption. Meanwhile, the effects of the turbulence intensity and the pulsation frequency of the natural wind on the human thermal comfort are analyzed. It is pointed out that a natural ventilation model should be developed based on the fluctuating wind for the engineering design in China.