水下弹道测量是水下战武器试验的重要内容。本文基于矢量水听器测量水中目标航行噪声,利用矢量水听器测向原理,经过数字信号处理器对矢量信号进行分析处理,得出武器水下航行的二维弹道轨迹。介绍矢量水听器测量原理和矢量浮标阵纯方位定位原理。通过实验室消声水池测试对矢量水听器声压与振速相位差进行修正,利用湖上试验对矢量水听器的测向误差进行修正。采用DGPS水面定位与水下水声定位相结合的方法,研制了水下战武器二维弹道测量系统,介绍测量系统的3个主要组成部分及其主要功能,并在海上实际试验中验证了基于矢量水听器的水下武器弹道测量方法先进可行、实时性强、测量精度高、使用方便,可以满足实际使用要求。

The underwater trajectory measurement is an important part of the underwater warfare weapon test. First, the underwater trajectory is obtained by utilizing the target navigation noise measured by vector hydrophones, based on the principle of the vector hydrophone, with the digital signal processors to analyze and process the vector signal. The principle of the vector hydrophone and the pure location positioning principle of the vector buoy are discussed. Then, the pressure and the particle velocity phase difference of the vector hydrophone are corrected through the anechoic tank test in the laboratory, and the error in direction is rectified in the lake experiment. Using a combination of the DGPS surface orientation and the acoustic positioning, a measurement system is developed, and the three main components of the measurement system and their functions are presented. Finally, in the actual sea test, the two-dimension trajectory measurement method for the underwater warfare weapon based on vector hydrophone is shown to feature good real-time capability, high accuracy, easiness to use, and it can meet the practical requirements in operations.