采矿方法的选择除了要适应矿床地质赋存条件、确保生产安全以外,还应尽可能提高经济效益和社会效益,因此选择采矿方法必须考虑很多指标和因素。根据磷矿山领域的工程实际情况,选择采矿能力、开采工效、采切比、附产矿石比、炸药单耗、崩矿量、损失率、贫化率、开采成本、胶结充填比、管理难易、采准时间、适应程度、安全程度共14项测度指标,采用未确知数学理论对开阳磷矿山的5种采矿方法进行优化选择,得出脉内采准无间柱联系分段充填采矿法为最佳方案,房柱式联合出矿横巷中深孔落矿嗣后充填采矿法、脉外采准中深孔落矿嗣后充填采矿法、脉内采准中深孔落矿嗣后充填采矿法、两分段中深孔连续落矿嗣后充填采矿法相对次之。优化结果为开阳磷矿选择安全高效的开采方法提供了有力的理论支撑。

In addition to adapt deposit geological conditions and ensure production safety, the selection of mining method should as far as possible to improve the economic benefit and social benefit. Therefore the selection of mining method must consider many indexes and factors. According to the actual situation of the project of phosphorus mine field, a total of 14 factors, such as mining capacity, mining efficiency, mining cut ratio, attached ore ratio, unit explosive consumption, caving ore amount, loss rate, dilution rate, cost of extraction, cemented filling percentage, the degree of management difficulty, mining preparation time, degree of adaptation, and safety level, are used as measuring indexes, and the unascertained mathematics theory is used to optimize the selection of five mining methods in Kaiyang phosphorus mine. These methods are in-pulse mining non-pillar contact sectional filling mining method, integrated method of room and pillar type joint out mine-medium-length hole cross cut and afterwards filling mining, integrated method of medium-length hole cross cut and afterwards filling mining, integrated method of medium-length hole cross cut and afterwards filling mining in intra-pulse roadway, integrated method of medium-length hole cross cut with piecewise continuous mining and afterwards filling mining. The results show that the in-pulse mining non-pillar contact sectional filling mining method is the best among them, and the rest of methods take a second place. The optimal results provide a strong theoretical support for safety and effective mining of Kaiyang phosphorus mine.