投弃式海流剖面仪(eXpendable Current Profiler,XCP)探头是最新型的投弃式海洋环境剖面测量探头,在海洋调查、科学研究以及军事上有着重要应用。XCP探头在海水中的姿态直接影响海流测量精度,因此试验研究探头水下姿态对投弃式海流测量技术发展有重要意义。本文通过搭建试验装置,应用高时间分辨率PIV(Time Resolution Particle Image Velocimetry,TRPIV)技术在室内低速循环水槽测量了XCP探头水平截面的二维瞬时流场和平均流场。分析了不同旋转速度比及雷诺数对流场的影响,进而根据马格努斯效应分析了XCP探头受到的侧向力。试验结果表明,探头受到的侧向力与旋转速度呈正比关系,并且随雷诺数的增加探头受到的侧向力也增加了。据分析结果可知,实际工作中探头穿越不同的海流层下落时受到变化的侧向力作用,并导致其在海水中以倾斜状态下落。试验结果可为XCP探头在下落过程中倾斜情况的估计提供参考和依据。

The Xpendable Current Profiler (XCP) probe is the latest jettison marine probe, which has an important strategic significance in the ocen exploration, sinitific research, and military. The attitude of the XCP probe in the seawater directly affects the precision of current measurement. The experimental research on the underwater attitude of the probe is important to the development of expendable current measurement technology. The two-dimensional instantaneous and time-averaged flow fields for the horizontal section of XCP probe are measured using Time Resolution Particle Image Velocimetry (TRPIV) technology, through test device built in the interior experimental channel. The influence of rotating speed rate and Reynolds number on the flow field is analyzed, and the side force is obtained according to Magnus effect. The study results show that the side force is proportional to the rotating speed rate, and increases as the Reynolds number increasing. Based on the analysis, when the probe is in the state of whereabouts, the side forces change. Therefore, the probe is actually in the declining state. The results could provide the reference and basis for estimating the declination solution of the probe.