早二叠世末期,塔中地区的火山活动对下伏石炭系油气的形成和演化至关重要.火山活动促进烃源岩的成熟排烃;形成断裂、裂缝等广泛发育的油气疏导体系;形成岩颈刺穿、火山岩脉侧向遮挡等不同类型的油气藏.此外,火山活动还可以对原来形成的油气藏进行改造,从而形成次生油气藏.本文利用钻井资料、测井资料、地震属性、地震反射结构、时间切片等方法,对火山岩的剖面和平面分布进行识别与预测,明确了塔中地区石炭系火山岩在剖面上主要以岩墙岩盖的形式产出,活动强度自西北向东南逐渐减弱,厚度自西北向东南逐步变薄直至尖灭.在此基础上,揭示了石炭系火山岩的油气成藏意义,对塔中地区油气滚动勘探开发具有一定指导意义.

At the end of the early Permian, the volcanic activities have a great impact on the formation and the evolution of the underlying Carboniferous hydrocarbon in the central Tarim. The volcanic activities promote the maturation and the hydrocarbon expulsion of the source rock; and also help the conducting systems to develop, such as the fault and the crack, meanwhile, make it possible to form different types of reservoirs such as the neck piercing and the volcanic dike lateral occlusion reservoirs; moreover, the volcanic activities can deform the original reservoirs to form secondary hydrocarbon reservoirs. This paper uses drilling, logging, seismic methods (including seismic attributes, reflection configurations and time slices) to identify and predict the Carboniferous volcanic rocks and the plane distribution characteristics of the volcanic rocks in the central Tarim. It is shown that the volcanic rocks in the central Tarim are mainly output in the form of the laccolite and the rock wall, and the intensity of activity gradually weakens from northwest to southeast. What is more, the thickness from the northwest to the southeast gradually decreases until check out. This study may provide some guidance for the rolling exploration and the development of petroleum in the central Tarim.