在林业领域,利用地面三维激光扫描(Terrestrial 3D Laser Scanning,TLS)技术可获取测树因子,以辅助林业资源调查,但该技术尚未用于测量灌木植物的体积。在介绍TLS系统组成、工作原理的基础上,基于紫穗槐的点云数据,测量29株两年生紫穗槐苗的冠高、冠幅直径,采用整体凸包算法、切片凸包算法、切片分割算法和立体栅格算法计算紫穗槐的株冠体积,并对株冠体积与冠高、冠幅直径进行相关性分析,从而选择适合测量灌木植物体积的方法。结果表明,立体栅格算法是计算与紫穗槐有相同结构特征植物株冠体积的最好方法,利用TLS技术可监测野外灌木生长状况。

In the field of forestry, the terrestrial 3D laser scanning (TLS) technology is used to obtain the measurement factors in survey, but not so often to measure the volume of shrubs. This paper discusses the TLS system components, the operating principle, based on the point cloud data of the amorpha, and the crown height and the crown diameter of 29 amorpha plants were measured. With the overall convex hull algorithm, the sliced convex hull algorithm, the slice segmentation algorithm and the three-dimensional grid algorithm, the canopy volume was determined, then the canopy volume, the crown height and the crown diameter were correlated, and thus the appropriate measurement method for the shrub volume was selected. The results show that the stereo grid algorithm is the best way to measure the canopy volume of plant, which has the same structural characteristics with amorpha, and can be used as the foundation for the TLS technology to monitor wild shrub growth conditions.