地下水渗流是重金属扩散的主要作用之一。基于地下水渗流规律的对流、弥散、源汇作用，在不考虑生物降解和化学反应的情况下，以帷幕工程为对象，分析其对重金属污染物的阻滞效应。应用GMS 软件建立了污染物运移过程的一维对流-弥散仿真模型和抽压水井扰动下的地下水修复模型。研究结果表明，帷幕工程对重金属污染物的扩散和运移起到了明显的阻碍作用，降低了污染物扩散半径。在污染源持续补给的状态下，365 d 的扩散距离从900 m 缩短为465 m；帷幕工程外部观测点的污染物质量浓度从2.8 mg/L 减少到1.42 mg/L，降低了50%；在抽压水井的扰动下，帷幕工程内部凝固态污染物和溶解态污染物被吸附和被稀释的反应速度得到了提升。
Groundwater interstitial flow is one of the major ways for the diffusion of heavy metal pollution. Based on the law of the convection, diffusion, and source-sink effect of groundwater flow, this paper analyzes the retardation effect of the curtain grouting project on the diffusion of heavy metal pollution, without considering biological degradation and chemical reactions. A onedimensional convection-diffusion simulation model of the transport process of contaminants and groundwater restoration model under disturbance of pumping wells were established using GMS software. The results showed that the curtain grouting project had apparent retardation effect on the diffusion and transport of heavy metal pollutants, reducing the diffusion radius. With continuous supply of pollutants in 365 d, the diffusion distance was shortened from 900 m to 465 m. The mass concentration of pollutants at the external observation site of the curtain project decreased from 2.8 mg/L to 1.42 mg/L, a reduction of about 50%. Under disturbance of pumping wells, the adsorption and dilution of pollutants in solidified and dissolved forms were accelerated in the project.
[1] Miller C W, Benson L V. Simulation of solute transport in a chemically reactive heterogeneous system: Model development and application[J]. Water Resource, 1993, 19(2): 381-391.
[2] Yeh G T, Tripathi V S. A critical evaluation of recent development in hydro geochemical transport model of reactive multichemical components[J]. Water Resources Research, 1989, 25(1): 93-108.
[3] Kookana R S, Naidu R, Tiller K G. Sorption non-equilibrium during cadmium transport through soils[J]. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 1994, 32(4): 635-651.
[4] Gerritse R G. Dispersion of cadmium in columns of saturated sandy soils[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 1996, 25: 1344-1349.
[5] 陈永贵, 邹银生, 张可能, 等. 重金属污染物在黏土固化注浆帷幕中的 运移规律[J]. 岩土力学, 2007, 8(5): 2583-2588. Chen Yonggui, Zou Yinsheng, Zhang Keneng, et al. Heavy metals transport process through clay-solidified grouting curtain in waste landfills[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2007, 28(5): 2583-2588.
[6] 陈永贵, 贺勇, 周星志, 等. 压实膨润土工程屏障对重金属污染物的阻 滞[J]. 中南大学学报: 自然科学版, 2012, 43(10): 4038-4042. Chen Yonggui, He Yong, Zhou Xingzhi, et al. Retention of heavy metal ion on engineering barriers of compacted betonies[J]. Journal of Central South University: Science and Technology, 2012, 43(10): 4038-4042.
[7] 邓飞跃, 张可能, 杨明. 粘土固化注浆帷幕对有害物质的阻滞作用[J]. 中南大学学报: 自然科学版, 2000, 31(12): 524-527. Deng Feiyue,Zhang Keneng,Yang Ming. Harmful substances capability of clay-solidified grouting curtain by columntes[J]. Journal of Central South University: Science and Technology, 2000, 31(12): 524-527.
[8] 龙晓燕, 胡中雄. 垂直隔离工程控制污染物运移的应用研究[J]. 工程 勘察, 2000(1): 8-12. Long Xiaoyan, Hu Zhongxiong. Application of vertical barriers to prevent the transport of pollutants in soil[J]. Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying, 2000(1): 8-12.
[9] 许增光. 地下水有机物和重金属迁移与污染修复的数值模拟研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2012. Xu Zengguang. Organics and remediation simulation study of heavy metal migration and numerical groundwater[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2012.
[10] 陈永贵, 邹银生, 张可能. 黏土固化注浆帷幕控制重金属污染物运移 的数值模拟[J]. 岩土力学, 2006, 27(10): 31-34. Chen Yonggui, Zou Yinsheng, Zhang Keneng. Numerical simulation of heavy metal cautions transport controlled by clay-solidified grouting curtain in landfills[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2006, 27(10): 31-34.
[11] 陈云敏, 叶肖伟, 张民强, 等. 多场耦合作用下重金属离子在黏土中 的迁移性状试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2005, 27(12): 6-10. Chen Yunmin, Ye Xiaowei, Zhang Minqiang, et al. Experimental study on heavy metal ion transport in clay under coupled flows[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2005, 27(12): 6-10.
[12] 张可能, 田庆余, 邓飞跃, 等. 土柱实验研究黏土固化注浆帷幕的阻 滞性能[J]. 中南大学学报: 自然科学版, 2004, 35(3): 473-477. Zhang Keneng,Tian Qingyu,Deng Feiyue, et al. Retardation capability of clay-solidified grouting curtain by calumnies[J]. Journal of Central South University: Science and Technology, 2004, 35(3): 473-477.
[13] 陈崇希, 李国敏. 地下水溶质运移理论及模型[M]. 武汉: 中国地质大 学出版社, 1996. Chen Chongxi,Li Guomin. Groundwater and solute transport model theory[M]. Wuhan: Geosciences Press University of China, 1996.
[14] Chen Y G, Zhang K N, Zou Y S, et al. Removal of Pb2+ and Cd2+ by adsorption on clay-solidfied grouting curtain for waste landfills[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology, 2006, 13(2): 166-170.
[15] 郑春苗, Bennett G D. 地下水污染物迁移模拟[M]. 北京: 高等教育出 版社, 2009. Zheng Chunmiao, Bennett G D. Applied contaminant transport modeling[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2009.
