土壤是人类赖以生存的最珍贵的自然资源之一，但随着社会的发展，土壤污染日趋严重，土壤及土壤环境问题已成为世界共识。为了更好地增强人们保护土壤的意识，本文综述土壤的概念、作用、特点、当前中国土壤类型、当前土壤为什么会“不清洁”、土壤污染现状及该如何保护土壤资源等，以期为合理利用和有效保护土壤提供理论支持。

The soil is one of the most precious natural resources for human survival, but with the development of society, the soil sees an increasingly serious pollution, and the importance of the soil and the soil environmental issues becomes the consensus of the world. In view to strengthen the awareness of people to protect the soil, this paper reviews the soil concept, the function, the characteristics, the current soil types in China, why the soil might become "unclean", the soil pollution and how to protect soil resources and other aspects, for the rational utilization and the effective protection of the soil.