生物质能是全生命周期分析意义上的碳“零排放”能源，然而其独特的负碳排放作用还鲜为人知。阐述了生物质负碳排放效应发生的机制，全球和中国的理论潜力；探讨了生物质负碳排放的几种切实可行途径，特别是通过减排作为主要温室气体的生物源甲烷达到负碳排放的途径；指出生物（性）碳存留远远优于地质碳封存且现实可行。国际气候变化界对包括负排放在内的生物质温室气体总体减排效应寄予很大的、甚至被称为控制全球温升1.5℃愿景“唯一”的希望。生物质对温室气体减排重大作用在中国被严重忽视的局面必须尽快改观。
Fossil energy is the prime culprit for huge GHGs emission, covering almost 90 percent of the total amount. There has been a great deal of discussion about reducing GHGs in China, however, the biomass energy which is of carbon zero-emission characteristic has not been paid much attention. Furthermore, biomass's unique function of carbon negative emission is far from being recognized. This paper describes the mechanism of biomass's carbon negative emission and its theoretical potentials to China and the world. Several real practical and feasible ways, particularly the way of reducing biomass-derived methane, for carbon negative emission are probed. It is discovered that biomass-derived carbon sequestration is far superior to geological CO2 storage, and highly feasible as well. The world climate change circle pays much attention to the biomass's function of GHGs emission and to the effects of its unique carbon negative emission in particular. Someone even calls it the last prospect for realizing the global 1.5℃ scenario. The situation of severely ignoring biomass's great effects on GHGs reduction should be shifted as soon as possible.
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