原发性痛经（PD）是育龄期女性最常见的妇科疾病。以PD患者为研究对象，通过比较治疗前后女性激素水平和子宫形态学的改变，旨在明确逍遥散对PD患者内分泌水平的影响及其治疗机制。利用彩色多普勒技术测量治疗前后的子宫形态学参数，检测血清雌二醇（E2）、孕酮（P）等血清激素指标，疗效指标包括疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）和Cox痛经症状量表（CMSS）。结果显示，患者治疗后的血清E2水平、子宫前后径与内膜厚度、VAS、CMSS较治疗前显著降低，而血清P水平较治疗前显著提高，血清E2与子宫前后径之间呈正相关，血清P与内膜厚度之间呈负相关，血清P、E2与VAS、CMSS之间存在相关性；说明逍遥散对PD的疗效确切，其可通过调节E2、P水平降低PD患者的子宫前后径及内膜厚度、改善痛经症状及持续时间。
Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is the most common gynecological disease in women of childbearing age. Xiaoyao powder is a classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription for the treatment of PD. In order to clarify the effect of Xiaoyao powder on the endocrine level and the potential mechanism of efficacy, PD patients were included in the present study, and the changes of female hormone level and uterine morphology before and after treatment were assessed and compared. The morphological changes of the uterus were measured by color Doppler technique, the serum endocrine indicators included the serum estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), etc., and the efficacy indicators included the visual analog scale (VAS) of pain and the Cox menstrual symptom scale (CMSS). The results found that the serum E2 level, uterine anterior-posterior diameter, endometrial thickness, VAS, and CMSS were significantly lower than those before the treatment, while the serum P level was significantly higher . There was a positive correlation between serum E2 and uterine anterior-posterior diameter, and a negative correlation between serum P and endometrial thickness, correlations between serum P, E2 and VAS, CMSS were also found. It suggests that Xiaoyao Powder has a definite effect on PD, which can reduce the uterine anterior-posterior diameter and endometrial thickness of PD patients, and improve the symptoms and duration of dysmenorrhea by adjusting E2 and P levels.
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