|
|
Behavioral variables and its mediating effects in the studies of the impact of the built environment on the health: Case study of the healthy behavior of the older residents in Shanghai communities |
YU Yifan1, LIU Xuhui2 |
1. School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;
2. Shanghai Rural Revitalization Research Center, Shanghai 200001, China |
|
|
Abstract: The impacts of the built environment on the public health might be difficult to be confirmed, as they are affected by a long exposure time, with various influencing factors, which are hard to be measured. In order to establish an intuitive correlation between the built environment and the public health, this study takes the healthy behavior as the mediator variable. According to the physical and mental health status of elderly people(N=3431) from 115 communities in Shanghai, we take 6 ranges of the built environment factors to construct a mediating effect analysis model with the physical activity and the social activity as the mediator variables. The built environment factors are the density, the design, the housing, the green space, the public facilities and the location. It is found that the physical activity and the social activity are effective mediators, and the mediating effects of the healthy behaviors are shown to more clearly reveal the extent and the direction of the impact of the built environment on the elders' health condition. Based on the practice, the behavioral variables' adjustment directions of the health outcome are similar, but the degree of the adjustment is different among the different neighborhoods. For the high-density human settlement in megacities represented by Shanghai, the optimization of the quality of the built environment for promoting the social activities has a more significant impact on the health of the elderly.
|
Received: 17 September 2020
|
|
|
|
[1] Croucher K, Myers L, Jones R, et al. Health and the physical characteristics of urban neighbourhoods:A critical literature review[R]. Glasgow:Glasgow Centre for Population Health, 2007.
[2] Handysl, Boarnet M G, Ewing R, et al. How the built environment affects physical activity:Views from urban planning[J]. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2002, 23(supple2):64-73.
[3] Frank L D, Andresen M A, Schmid T L. Obesity relationships with community design, physical activity, and time spent in cars[J]. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2004, 27(2):10-96.
[4] Bilgel F, Karahasan B C. Self-rated health, and endogenous selection into primary care[J]. Social Science & Medicine, 2017:S027795361730730X.
[5] Chiou S T, Chen L K. Towards age-friendly hospitals and health services[J]. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2009, 49(1):S3-S6.
[6] Nielsen T S, Hansen K B. Do green areas affect health? Results from a Danish survey on the use of green areas and health indicators[J]. Health & Place, 2007, 13(4):839-850.
[7] Orban E, Sutcliffe R, Dragano N, et al. Residential surrounding greenness, self-rated health and interrelations with aspects of neighborhood environment and social relations[J]. Journal of Urban Health, 2017, 94(2):158-169.
[8] 于一凡. 建成环境对老年人健康的影响:认识基础与方法探讨[J]. 国际城市规划, 2020(1):1-7.
[9] Baron R M, Kenny D A. The moderation-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research:Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations[J]. Journal of personality and social psychology, 1986, 51(61), 1173-1182.
[10] Cheong J W. Accuracy of estimates and statistical power for testing mediation in latent growth curve modeling[J]. Structural Equation Modeling, 2011, 18(2):195-211.
[11] MacKinnon D P, Lockwood C M, Hoffman J M, et al. A comparison of methods to test mediation and other interventing variable effects[J]. Psychological Methods, 2002, 7(1):83-104.
[12] Lawton M P, Nahemow L. The psychology of adult development and aging[M]. Washington:APA Publishing, 1973, 619-674.
[13] 谭少华, 郭剑锋, 江毅. 人居环境对健康的主动干预:城市规划学科新趋势[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2010(4):66-70.
[14] 于一凡, 胡玉婷. 社区建成环境健康影响的国际研究进展——基于体力活动研究视角的文献综述和思考[J]. 建筑学报, 2017(2):33-38.
[15] Nessel E H. The Physiology of aging as it related to sports[J]. AMAA Journal, 2004, 17(2):12-18.
[16] Schroll M. Physcial activity in an ageing population[J]. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2003, 13(1):63-69.
[17] Nessel E H. The physiology of aging as it related to sports[J]. AMAA Journal, 2004, 17(2):12-18.
[18] 陈栋, 曾玉榕. 关于运动处方的起源及发展探讨[J]. 湖北体育科技, 2002, 21(2):177-178.
[19] Coyle C E, Dugan E. Social isolation, loneliness and health among older adults[J]. Journal of Aging and Health, 2012, 24(8):1346-1363.
[20] Wilson R S, Krueger K R, Arnold S E, et al. Loneliness and risk of Alzheimer's disease[J]. Archives of General Psychiatry, 2007(64):234-240.
[21] Cacioppo J T, Hughes M E, Waite L J, et al. Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms:Cross sectional and longitudinal analyses[J]. Psychology and Aging, 2006(21):140-151.
[22] Cacioppo J T, Hawkley L C. Social isolation, and health, with an emphasis on underlying mechanisms[J]. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 2003(46):39-52.
[23] Kaplan G A, Seeman T E, Cohen R D, et al. Mortality among the elderly in the Alameda county study:Behavioral and demographic risk factors[J]. American Journal of Public Health, 1987, 77:307-312.
[24] Hickman P. "Third Places" and social interaction in deprived neighbourhoods in great Britain[J]. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 2013, 28:221-236.
[25] Jacinta F, Wood L J, Matthew K, et al. Quality or quantity? Exploring the relationship between Public Open space attributes and mental health in Perth, Western Australia[J]. Social Science & Medicine, 2012, 74(10):1570-1577.
[26] Kent J L, Thompson S. The three domains of urban planning for health and well-being[J]. Journal of Planning Literature, 2014, 29(3):239-256.
[27] 世界卫生组织. 2019世界卫生统计年鉴[R]. 2019.
[28] 于一凡, 田菲. 面向老龄化社会的城市应对[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2019.
[29] MacKinnon D P. Introduction to statistical mediation analysis[M]. Mahwah:Earlbaum, 2008.
[30] 黄建中, 吴萌. 特大城市老年人出行特征及相关因素分析——以上海市中心城为例[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2015(2):9-107.
[31] Bedimo-Rung A L, Mowen A J, Cohen D A. The significance of parks to physical activity and public health:A conceptual model[J]. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2005, 28(suppl 2):159-168.
[32] Francis J, Giles-Corti B, Wood L, et al. Creating sense of community:The role of public space[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2012, 32(4):401-409. |
[1] |
DONG Wei, CHEN Saiyi, DONG Yu. Review of studies of influences of life-space mobility of the elderly[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2021, 39(8): 26-35. |
[2] |
LIU Jixiang, XIAO Longzhu, WANG Bo. Non-linear effects of the built environment on elderly's active travel: An extreme gradient boosting approach[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2021, 39(8): 102-111. |
[3] |
LI Jing, LIU Xinning, ZHANG Hao. The promotion and the impact of the renewal of the built environment for the active aging in the neighborhood scale[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2021, 39(8): 77-85. |
[4] |
ZHOU Suhong, SONG Jiangyu, WEN Ping. Daily activities and health behavior of the elderly migrants[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2021, 39(8): 36-43. |
[5] |
SUN Zhongfeng, ZHU Xialin, SHAN Xizhang. Construction of friendly environments from a perspective of active aging[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2021, 39(8): 44-51. |
[6] |
WANG Lan, DU Yirui. Research progress overviewon the impact of built environment on physical activity[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2020, 38(7): 53-60. |
|
|
|
|