China has proposed the guideline to boost the construction of nuclear power plant. Nuclear power capacity is expected to reach the scale of 40 GWe in the year 2020. To meet the domestic energy demand, nuclear power will keep growing after 2020. Nuclear fuel cycle system is essential for the development of Chinese nuclear power. In this paper, nuclear fuel cycle issues, including the amount of natural uranium resource, separative work and nuclear fuel for PWR power plant, together with spent fuels, separated plutonium and radioactive waste are studied. The influences of spent fuel reprocessing and separated plutonium recycling on the uranium resource demand and accumulated radioactive waste are discussed.