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Simulation of Transient Sediment Transport Processes in a River Network with Water Diversions |
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Abstract: The confluence of streams is a fundamental process in natural river networks, while a diversion is often related to hydraulic projects. Both the confluence and diversion will cause changes of the discharge, and result in variations of the Quantity of Erosion or Sedimentation(QES). The latter is of practical significance. In this paper, a sediment transport dynamic model, based on the consideration of streams confluence and/or diversion, is proposed to investigate the influence of water diversion on the mainstream. The model considers the mechanisms that the sediment-carrying capability of a stream is modified by the QES and driven by the sediment concentration of the injecting streams. This model can be used to numerically simulate the dynamic behavior of real river networks, to show that water diversion can cause sedimentation to increase. The transient dynamics reveals some interesting characteristics. (1) There is a critical value of the so-called diverting ratio of water at which the state of the segments below the diversion mouth will be transformed from increasing sedimentation to decreasing sedimentation. (2) Water diversion will cause the dynamics of sediment transport more complex, lead to an abrupt change of the erosion-sedimentation state. On each of the segments below the diversion mouth, the sedimentation will oscillate between the states of increase and decrease, as a quick response of the channel to the diversion. (3) If the diverting ratio is fixed and after the quick response, the oscillation extent will decay in the downriver direction. The sedimentation on each of the segments will exponentially decrease with time. (4) There is a maximum quantity of sedimentation on each of segments, as is dominated by a scaling law, that is, the quantity of sedimentation depends exponentially on the number of the segments. These may help us to better understand the nature of the sediment transport process in river networks.
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Received: 01 February 2009
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