This paper describes a kind of photosynthetic bacteria X1 from laboratory preservation. X1 has the ability to accumulate carotenoids naturally. The pigments were extracted by different methods to analyze the carotenoids' contents. Using morphological characters, physiological characters and 16s rDNA, X1 was identified. Then carotenoids were extracted by the ultrasonic extraction, acid-heat and grinding methods. Acetone was used as the solvent in the extraction. Furthermore, the ultraviolet spectrophotometry, the thin layer chromatography and the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system for the carotenoid extracts were analyzed. After appraisal, X1 was identified as Purple Non-Sulfur Bacteria, rhodospirillaceae, rhodopseudomonas, Rhodopsedomonas palustris. Comparing these extraction methods of carotenoids, it is shown that the ultrasonic extraction is the best method, followed by the acid-heat method. The grinding method is inferior to other two methods. As a result, Rhodopsedomonas palustris X1 can produce carotenoids up to 2.125mg/g (in dry weight) by the ultraviolet spectrophotometry at the wavelength of 495nm. The carotenoids have two main components, one of which is astaxanthin. The HPLC result shows that the astaxanthin content reaches 0.28mg/L in the extract.