The comprehensive quantitative evaluation methods for different kinds of coal seam stability based on the fuzzy pattern recognition theory are studied in this paper. The coal seam stability evaluation using the fuzzy pattern recognition method is proposed, with an analysis of the key factors affecting the coal seam stability, to determine the characteristics of the coal seam stability evaluation factors, and to build the fuzzy evaluation for different types of coal seam in language patterns and their membership functions. To verify the feasibility of the method, an example is taken for the evaluation. The results show that the method can realize the quantitative partition for the stability of the coal seam type and belonging, can provide the basis for the coal seam mineable analysis, the mining safety evaluation, and the mining method choice.