In order to increase the effective payload of the prefabricated fragment projectile and enhance the comprehensive damage power, this paper studies the launching strength of the prefabricated fragment covering layer using fiber composite materials instead of metal materials both theoretically and experimentally. The results show that the covering layer using the carbon fiber T700S and the steel can satisfy the strength requirements, but not by using the E glass fiber under the high overload. By the way, the cost of fiber composite materials is lower than that of the steel. The research result can be used to evaluate the application prospect of the correlation ammunition using the fiber composite materials.