Aiming at different similar levels on the dynamic response and the simulation of dynamic failure between the model and the prototype in geotechnical dynamic centrifugal model test, the similar scale and the choice of model material for geotechnical centrifuge modeling were anylyzed, and then the issues of principle and design on the simulation of dynamic response and dynamic failure in geotechnical dynamic centrifugal model test were proposed. Finally, the dynamic response laws and the failure characteristics of model concrete pile in geotechnical dynamic centrifugal model tests were discussed by means of the developed model piles with four kinds of diameters. Results show that the stabilizing piles with the small diameter under the condition of static cracking due to insufficient bearing capacity, can be led to pile section fracture penetration under dynamic action; the stabilizing piles with the larger diameter under the condition of static stability, but can show cracking destruction under dynamic action; the stabilizing piles with the largest diameter under static and dynamic conditions are not crazed, but the fracture damage can occur under dynamic action in the high water level. As a result of the scale of the model and the prototype strictly meet the similarity scale, so these model test results can reflect the failure mechanism of the prototype stabilizing piles.