A bullheading process could be divided into three stages based on the gas compressibility law and the gas-liquid twophase flow law, and a mathematical model for each stage with consideration of the gas slippage is developed to quantitatively calculate the bottom pressure and the casing pressure under different well killing conditions. The simulations of the bullheading parameters show that, the kill time decreases and the bottom pressure and the casing pressure increase with the increase of the pump displacement; both the formation permeability and the permeable formation height have a little influence on the pressure in the first stage, but when the high permeable formation or the high height formation enters into the second and third stages, both the bottom pressure and the casing pressure decrease with the increase of the formation permeability or the formation height, and the change range becomes small. In addition, typical bullheading curves are obtained by analyzing the characteristics of the bottom pressure and the casing. The predicted model had a good agreement with the field test. This can provide a theoretical basis and guidance for the selection of killing methods and the design of bullheading.
SUN Xiaofeng
,
YAN Tie
,
WANG Kelin
,
WU Yanze
,
ZHANG Yang
. Staged Well Killing Mathematical Model and Simulation for Bullheading[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2014
, 32(7)
: 51
-55
.
DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2014.07.007
[1] 罗伯特D 格雷斯. 井喷与井控手册[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2006. Robert D G. Blowout and well control manual[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2006.
[2] Vallejo-Arrieta V G. Analytical model to control off bottom blowouts utilizing the concept of simultaneous dynamic seal and bullheading[D]. Louisiana: University of Louisiana, 2002.
[3] Oudeman P. Kill procedures to avoid formation damage in the high rate gas wells of an underground storage project[C]. SPE European Formation Damage Conference, Hague, Netherlands, May 31- June 1, 1999.
[4] Oudeman P, Koninklijke D, Grodal E O, et al. Bull heading to kill live gas wells[C]. European Petroleum Conference, London, October 25-27, 1994.
[5] 黄炜, 郝俊芳. 压井动态过程的理论分析及模拟计算[J]. 石油学报, 1994, 15(2): 147-153. Huang Wei, Hao Junfang. Theoretical analysis and simulated calculation of dynamic well control[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 1994, 15 (2): 147-153.
[6] 谭羽飞, 杨德彬. 天然气等温压缩系数的计算[J]. 哈尔滨建筑大学学 报, 1999, 32(3): 65-67. Tan Yufei, Yang Debin. Calculation of gas isothermal compressibility factor[J]. Journal of Harbin University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 1999, 32(3): 65-67.
[7] Craft B C, Hawkins M F. Applied petroleum reservoir engineering[M]. 2nd. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1991.
[8] 李传亮. 油藏工程原理[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2005. Li Chuanliang. Fundamentals of reservoir engineering[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2005.
[9] Zuber N, Findlay J. Average volumetric concentration in two- phase flow systems[J]. Journal of Heat Transfer, 1965, 87: 453-468.
[10] Govier G W, Aziz K. The flow of complex mixtures in pipes[M]. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co, 1972.
[11] Hasan A R, Kabir C S. Predicting multiphase flow behavior in a deviated well[J]. SPE Production Engineering, 1988, 3(4): 474-482.
[12] Hasan A R. Inclined two-phase flow: Flow pattern, void fraction and pressure drop in bubbly, slug and chum flow, particulate phenomena and multiphase transport[M]. New York: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, 1988.
[13] Hasan A R. Void fraction in bubbly and slug flow in downward vertical and inclined systems[J]. SPE Production & Facilities, 1995, 10 (3): 172-176.
[14] Beggs H D. An experimental study of two-phase flow ininclined pipes[D]. Tulsa: University of Tulsa, 1972.
[15] Mukherjee H. An experimental study of inclined two-phase flow[D]. Tulsa: University of Tulsa, 1979.
[16] Kokal S. Study of two- phase flow in inclined pipes[D]. Calgary: University of Calgary, 1987.
