Focus

The utilization of urban underground space in Singapore and the lesson that could be learned by China

  • LI Diyuan ,
  • MO Qiuzhe
Expand
  • School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

Received date: 2014-09-15

  Revised date: 2015-01-12

  Online published: 2015-04-10

Abstract

Singapore is a country of small land but large population. The population density is close to 10000 per square kilometre. With a severe lack of land resource in Singapore, the government pays a great attention to the development and utilization of the urban underground space. From the 80's in the 20th century, a series of underground space projects in its technical and developmental level have been completed in Singapore. For example, the metro, the underground commercial street, the underground parking, the underground pipe network system, the underground storage cavern, the large public underground space. The development of underground space projects in Singapore has made a remarkable progress both in theory and in practice. The paper first reviews some successful underground space projects and then discusses the technical difficulties encountered in the construction process. The purpose of the paper is to highlight some valuable experiences in both theoretical and practical fields in the urban underground projects. Within the context of the current urban underground space development of large cities in China, some suggestions are made.

Cite this article

LI Diyuan , MO Qiuzhe . The utilization of urban underground space in Singapore and the lesson that could be learned by China[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2015 , 33(6) : 115 -119 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2015.06.019

References

[1] Nishida Y, Uchiyama N. Japan's use of underground space in urban development and redevelopment[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 1993, 8(1): 41-45.
[2] Edelenbos J, Monnikhof R, Haasnoot J, et al. Strategic study on the utilization of underground space in the Netherlands[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 1998, 13(2): 159-165.
[3] Bobylev N. Underground space in the Alexanderplatz area, Berlin: Research into the quantification of urban underground space use[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2010, 25(5): 495-507.
[4] Sharma J S, Chu J, Zhao J. Geological and geotechnical features of Singapore: An overview[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 1999, 14(4): 419-431.
[5] Sharma J S, Hefny A M, Zhao J, et al. Effect of large excavation on deformation of adjacent MRT tunnels[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2001, 16(2): 93-98.
[6] WilliamsI, OsborneN, ThaiAE.Recentlarge-diametertunnel construction in Singapore using sprayed concrete linnings[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 1999, 14(4): 527-538.
[7] Reilly B J. EPBMs for the North East line project[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 1999, 14(4): 491-508.
[8] Hulme T W, Burchell A J. Tunnelling projects in Singapore: An overview[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 1999, 14(4): 409-418.
[9] Zhao J, Gong Q M, Eisensten Z. Tunnelling through a frequently changing and mixed ground: A case history in Singapore[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2007, 22(4): 388-400.
[10] 张琦. 新加坡地铁站体的综合开发[J]. 城市轨道交通研究, 2008, 11 (2): 65-67. Zhang Qi. The integrated development of metro stations in Singapore[J]. Urban Mass Transit, 2008, 11(2): 65-67.
[11] 王鹏. 新加坡工程建设的发展特点[J]. 中国勘察设计, 2004(1): 24-26. Wang Peng. The characteristics of engineering construction development in Singapore[J]. Investigation & Design, 2004(1): 24-26.
[12] Marshall R H, Flanagan R F. Singapore's deep tunnel sewerage system: Experiences and challenges[C]//Proceedings of the Rapid Excavation and Tunneling Conference. Englewood, CO: Society of Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, 2007.
[13] Luan I O B. Singapore water management policies and practices[J]. Water Resources Development, 2010, 26(1): 65-80.
[14] Wallace J C, Ho C E, Bergh-Christensen J, et al. A proposed warehouse-shelter cavern scheme in Singapore granite[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 1995, 10(2): 163-167.
[15] Zhao J. Construction and utilization of rock caverns in Singapore part A: The Bukit Timah granite bedrock resource[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 1996, 11(1): 65-72.
[16] Choa V, Zhao J, Lee K W. Construction and utilisation of rock caverns in the Bukit Timah granite of Singapore[M]. Nanyang: Nanyang Technological University Press, 1995.
[17] Wong I H. An underground pumped storage scheme in the Bukit Timah granite of Singapore[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 1996, 11(4): 485-489.
[18] Zhao J, Liu Q, Lee K W, et al. Underground cavern development in the Jurong sedimentary rock formation[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 1999, 14(4): 449-459.
[19] Zhao J, Zhou Y X, Hefny A M, et al. Rock dynamics research related to cavern development for ammunition storage[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 1999, 14(4): 513-526.
[20] Sun J, Zhao Z. Effects of anisotropic permeability of fractured rock masses on underground oil storage caverns[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2010, 25(5): 629-637.
[21] Li D, Wong L N Y, Liu G, et al. Influence of water content and anisotropy on the strength and deformability of low porosity metasedimentary rocks under triaxial compression[J]. Engineering Geology, 2012, 126: 46-66.
[22] Wong L N Y, Li D, Liu G. Experimental studies on permeability of intact and singly jointed meta-sedimentary rocks under confining pressure[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2013, 46(1): 107-121.
[23] Chen H, Zhao Z, Sun J. Coupled hydro-mechanical model for fractured rock masses using the discontinuous deformation analysis[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2013, 38: 506-516.
Outlines

/