The PM2.5 pollution has been the public concern in China since 2011. This paper reviews the fundamental concepts related to PM2.5 and the brief history of its mitigation, including the current situation of PM2.5 pollution in China and the three general causes for China's PM2.5 pollution. The coal-based energy structure leads to the high concentration of PM2.5 to a large degree in China, the extensive economy is the culprit for frequent haze breakouts, and the pollutant transportation very likely causes the regional pollutions. Also, this paper analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of PM2.5 pollution based on the divergence of different pollution sources, the difference of energy structure and economic level, topographical and meteorological conditions. On the basis of this analysis, some control strategies are proposed in the following three aspects:Restructuring the energy structure to control PM2.5 pollution, building up a new PM2.5 mitigation system based on scientific considerations, and reforming the management system including legislations to guarantee the overall effect.
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