In order to effectively achieve the goal of building China into a country with strong transportation network, this paper explores the role of big data technology, its application methods, and prospects in the fields of transportation management, traffic safety, traffic information service, transportation planning, and public transportation. Some cutting-edge technologies, such as situation awareness(SA) system based on CPS, multimodal transportation knowledge graph(KG) based on dynamic ontology, and intelligent video recognition based on edge computing and deep learning, are covered. The overall big data engineering framework and implementation methods are also analyzed, and relevant application scenarios are provided.