The third generation semiconductor is in the frontier of the global semiconductor technology research and is the focus of the new industry competition. This paper reviews the development of the third generation semiconductor, China's scientific and technological support policies for the third generation semiconductor industry, and the current risks and existing problems. The exploration and the practice of the third-generation strategic alliance for the technological innovation in the semiconductor industry are discussed, including promoting the integration of the industry-university-research innovation consortium with major national projects, promoting the construction of the national public platform and industrial innovation ecology, formulating the group standards and promoting the construction of the related testing platforms, promoting the integration and the development of large, medium and small enterprises through innovative and entrepreneurial services, and the international cooperation. In view of the current international situation and the opportunities and challenges faced by China's third-generation semiconductor industry, this paper puts forward five suggestions:Starting the national 2030 major project as soon as possible, aiming at the major needs of the country and exploring a new national system; consolidating the basic platforms such as the public R&D and services that support the industrial chain; accelerating the improvement of the industrial ecological environment; implementing the application demonstration projects and bringing into full play the leading role of the demand side in the industry; constructing the network chain of the science and technology capital, and realizing the pulling function of the national credit on the R&D chain, the industrial chain and the capital chain.