China's economic and social development has entered a new stage of development, and the transportation has changed from the high-speed development to the high-quality development. From the perspective of the development orientation, the functions, the main contradicting problems, the development priorities, the supply capacity, the service level, the technical conditions, the institutional system and other related issues, the productivity level of the transportation industry has made a systematic breakthrough and stepped into a phased leap from a large transportation country to a powerful transportation country. In the new era, the sustainable development of the transportation presents new macro characteristics, which are reflected in the following aspects: strong supply and demand fundamentals of the transportation with comparative advantage of scaling the highland of scientific and technological innovation; a wide scale distribution, the structural complexity and the hierarchical diversity of the demand for passenger and freight transportation; a high demand for resources, funds and other elements; and an increased uncertainty of transportation pattern changes under the new development pattern. Under the basic national conditions, the structural problems of transportation will exist for a long time. To promote the sustainable development of transportation at a new starting point, we must adhere to the system concept, accelerate the construction of a comprehensive three-dimensional transportation network, comprehensively improve the network efficiency and service quality, promote the green, circular and lowcarbon transformation of transportation, innovate and develop intelligent transportation and digital transportation, promote the open development of transportation in an all-round way, and build a transportation that is satisfactory to the people with the mission of promoting common prosperity.