This paper reviews the process how Shiing-Shen Chern spread modern mathematics in China. It is found that in the period of the Republic of China, he actively held mathematics discussion classes in Southwest Associated University, supervised graduate students of mathematics, and presided over the Central Institute of Mathematics. After the reform and opening up, he organized a series of "Double Micro" conferences, organized summer graduate workshops, carried out the "Chern Shiing-Shen Study Ahead Program", offered modern differential geometry courses at Peking University and founded the Nankai Research Institute of Mathematics, which demonstrated Chern Shiing-Shen's leading role and contribution in building China into a country strong in mathematics.