One of the key policies for China to enter the world frontier of science and technology is to better cultivate strategic scientists. It is our urgent need to thoroughly understand why we need strategic scientists, what the characteristics the strategic scientists should be provided with, and how to cultivate next generation of strategic scientists. A good understanding of these issues will lay the foundation to formulate specific and efficient scientific policies to fully tap the potential of strategic scientists. Currently science and technologies represent one major area of international competition. Thus, it is essential to allow strategic scientists to play more important roles in scientific research, technological advances, and economic development. At the same time, a systematic series of policies are needed to support the next generation strategic scientists.