Aiming at the four kinds of problems of negative externalities of information science and technology privacy ethical risks in the blank of legislative protection caused by deanonymization, poor management, invalidation of informed consent and group privacy infringement, this paper puts forward and demonstrates the view that "the respective integration of information scientific and technological objects and information scientific and technological subjects' cognitive capacity limitations and onesided values are the two causes of negative externalities of information science and technology privacy ethical risks". Then, based on the analysis of the causes, it puts forward three institutional safeguards that can be governed from the source, namely, the personal information protection fund system, the collective management system of personal information, and the privacy protection design and its institutional safeguards.
MAO Muran
,
DONG Xiaomei
. On governance of negative externalities of information science and technology privacy ethical risks[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2023
, 41(7)
: 55
-62
.
DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.07.006
[1] 维克托·迈尔－舍恩伯格，肯尼斯·库克耶 . 大数据时代——生活、工作与思维的大变革[M]. 盛杨燕, 周涛, 译 .杭州: 浙江人民出版社, 2013.
[2] Floridi L. Group Privacy: A Defence and an Interpretation[C]//Taylor L, Floridi L, Sloot B. Group Privacy: New Challenges of Data Technologies. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing AG, 2017: 97-98.
[3] 萨缪尔森. 经济学[M]. 北京: 人民邮电出版社, 1999.
[4] 曼昆 . 经济学基础[M]. 梁小民, 梁砾, 译 . 北京: 北京大学出版社, 2017.
[5] Manheim K, Kaplan L. Artificial intelligence: Risks to privacy and democracy[J]. Yale Journal of Law & Technology, 2019, 21: 106-188.
[6] Ohm P. Broken promises of privacy: Responding to the surprising failure of anonymization[J]. UCLA Law Review, 2010, 57(6): 1758-1759.
[7] 徐漪, 沈建峰 . 大数据环境下个人信息泄露的防范与管控——基于徐玉玉被骗身亡事件的审视[J]. 产业与科技论坛, 2017, 16(4): 208.
[8] 吴璇, 姜梦雪 . 全国人大代表林勇: 推动数据要素市场化[N]. 南方都市报, 2022-03-02(7).
[9] 贺小石. 大数据背景下公民信息安全保障体系构建——兼论隐私政策的规制原理及其本土化议题[J]. 中国特色社会主义研究, 2021(6): 102.
[10] Mittelstadt B. From individual to group privacy in big data analytics[J]. Philosophy and Technology, 2017, 30(4): 482-483.
[11] 乌尔里希·贝克 . 风险社会: 新的现代性之路[M]. 张文杰, 何博闻, 译. 南京: 译林出版社, 2018.
[12] 唐要家 . 数据产权的经济分析[J]. 社会科学辑刊, 2021(1): 98, 102.
[13] California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018[EB/OL]. (2020-01-01) [2022-09-19]. https://leginfo. legislature. ca. gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml？division=3.&part=4.&lawCode=CIV&title=1.81.5.
[14] Collingridge D. The social control of technology[M]. Milton Keynes, UK: Open University Press, 1980: 16-18.
[15] 王前, 菲利普·布瑞 . 负责任创新的理论与实践[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2019: 46.
[16] Imanol A I, Leonard G, Diego J H, et al. Should we treat data as labor? Moving beyond“free”[J]. AEA Papers and Proceedings, 2018, 108: 39-41.
[17] 谢地, 杜莉, 吕岩峰 . 法经济学[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2009: 148.
[18] Stahl B C, Wright D. Ethics and privacy in AI and bigdata: Implementing responsible research and innovation[J]. IEEE Security and Privacy, 2018, 16(3): 30-32.
