Special to S&T Review

Current state, utilization and prospective of global geothermal energy

  • WANG Jiyang ,
  • PANG Zhonghe ,
  • CHENG Yuanzhi ,
  • HUANG Yonghui ,
  • JIANG Guangzheng ,
  • LU Zhenneng ,
  • KONG Yanlong
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  • 1. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
    2. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
    3. College of Energy, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610051, China
    4. Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510651, China

Received date: 2022-11-02

  Revised date: 2022-12-09

  Online published: 2023-07-11

Abstract

As a non-carbon clean energy, geothermal energy plays an important role in promoting the development goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality due to its advantages of stable and continuous supply. The utilization of geothermal energy is generally divided into geothermal power generation, geothermal direct utilization and geothermal energy storage. Since 2010, global geothermal direct utilization has grown exponentially, with the installed capacity of geothermal direct utilization and annual heat utilization of about 108 GWt and 283,580 GWh, respectively. China has long ranked first in the world in terms of geothermal direct utilization. The geothermal heat pump system shows an exponential growth of about 16% every year, and the geothermal heat pump system accounts for about 72% and 60% of the installed capacity and heat utilization of the global direct utilization of geothermal heat, respectively. The average annual growth rate of geothermal power generation from 2010 to 2020 is about 4% restricted by high-temperature geothermal resources. Geothermal energy storage is the frontier field of geothermal utilization. Europe and the United States have deployed the "HEATSTORE" and "Geothermal Battery" energy storage projects respectively. The geothermal energy storage project deployed by the Geothermal Team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has also entered the stage of key technology research and demonstration projects construction. As a huge natural energy storage, geothermal storage is the most suitable basis for storing energy and realizing a stable supply of thermal energy in a multi-energy complementary system. It can save other energy sources across seasons, realize efficient and large-scale energy storage across seasons, and improve energy utilization efficiency. Therefore, it can help achieve the development goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.

Cite this article

WANG Jiyang , PANG Zhonghe , CHENG Yuanzhi , HUANG Yonghui , JIANG Guangzheng , LU Zhenneng , KONG Yanlong . Current state, utilization and prospective of global geothermal energy[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2023 , 41(12) : 5 -11 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.12.001

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