The world's energy utilization has entered a new sustainable pathway which is "clean,low-carbon and renewable".The United States tries to take the lead in developing a sustainable energy structure in order to ensure its global leadership in clean energy manufacturing and technological innovation,and ensure and achieve its national energy security and stable supply.Researches show that the total energy consumption in the US is gradually returning to pre-pandemic level and the energy efficiency is improving gradually.The transformation of the energy structure has caused the US greenhouse gas emissions to peak and continue to decline to pre-2000 levels.The carbon emissions of the power industry and the transportation industry have dropped dramatically,even with some up-going.The cost of sustainable energy generation in the United States is lower than that of other countries in the world.The improvement of the sustainable energy utilization level in the United States is guaranteed by a series of policies,regulations,financial investments and economic market measures.The U.S.government's carbon reduction initiatives and state energy efficiency guidelines guarantee the improvements in energy efficiency.The government promotes the energy transition,the investment in clean energy,and the clean energy and energy tax credits.The sustainable energy market will flourish through increased investment in natural gas,the electrification of the transportation sector and the revision of vehicle fuel economy standards.Sustainable utilization status of the United States energy shows the energy transformation direction led by "the cleanness of the energy utilization process,the low-carbon property of the utilized energy types,and the renewability of energy access way" will become the energy sustainable development trend,and the global sustainable energy technology innovation will become the position of key technology development and competition.Various difficulties in the process of international energy transition show that the bases for global cooperation in the areas of sustainable energy are numerous and extensive.The United States and China face similar situations and challenges in the energy structure and energy transition,but there are also differences.China's energy transformation will face an important technological no-man's land.We should fully understand the long-term nature,complexity and arduousness of the energy transformation from a strategic perspective,deeply strengthen the research on the basic,original and disruptive technologies of China's energy green and low carbon transformation,and promote China's energy green and low carbon safe transformation.
HU Jian
,
WU Sheng
,
DENG Xili
,
SUN Haitao
,
CUI Jingwei
,
ZHAO Luzheng
. Development status and trend of sustainable energy utilization in the United States and the enlightenment to China[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2024
, 42(4)
: 6
-20
.
DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2024.04.001
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