As the world's largest producer and consumer of mining mineral products, China faces both opportunities and challenges in the competition and confrontation of strategic minerals. By collecting domestic and foreign data, this article elaborates the strategic minerals' origin, development, evolution, and current situation, and contrastively studies strategic minerals in terms of definition, type, and role in economic and national defense security.,A targeted analysis is conducted with respect to the international competition, constraints, and countermeasures of strategic mineral resources, as well as the industrial and supply chain situation faced by China. Policy recommendations are proposed as well. It is suggested to fully leverage existing industrial and market advantages, overcome resource shortcomings, increase policy regulation, stimulate international competitiveness of enterprises, restructure the industrial chain, and make good use of both domestic and foreign resources, so as to provide sufficient opportunities for China to stand in a victorious position in the new round of world economic development with secure strategic resource guarantee.
LI Yuwei
. Research on strategic mineral resource inventory, supply-demand situation and countermeasures[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2024
, 42(5)
: 26
-37
.
DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2024.05.002
[1] US Geological Survey. Establishment of the U.S. Geologi-cal Survey[EB/OL].[2023-05-26]. https://pubs.usgs/gov/circ/c1050/ww1.htm.
[2] US Geological Survey. International strategic minerals in-ventory summary report-rare-earth oxides[R/OL].[2023-05-26]. https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1993/0930n/report.pdf.
[3] US Geological Survey. US Geological Survey releases 2022 list of critical minerals[EB/OL].[2023-05-26]. https://www.usgs.gov/news/national-news-release/us-geo-logical-survey-releases-2022-list-critical-minerals#:~:text=The%202022%20list%20of%20critical%20minerals%2-0includes%20the,ceramics%2C%20glass%2C%20metallu.
[4] European Parliament. Critical raw materials for the EU Enablers of the green and digital recovery[R/OL].[2023-05-26]. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2020/659426/EPRS_BRI(2020)659426_EN.pdf.
[5] Government of Canada. The Canadian critical minerals strategy[EB/OL].[2024-01-28]. https://www.canada.ca/en/campaign/critical-minerals-in-canada/canadian-criticalminerals-strategy.html.
[6] Geoscience Australia. Critical minerals at Geoscience Australia[EB/OL].[2023-05-26]. https://www.ga.gov.au/scientific-topics/minerals/critical-minerals.
[7] GOV. UK. Policy paper:UK critical minerals strategy[EB/OL].[2023-05-26]. https://www.gov.uk/government/publi-cations/uk-critical-mineral-strategy.
[8] METI. Japan's new international resource strategy to se-cure rare metals[EB/OL].[2023-05-26]. https://www.en-echo.meti.go.jp/en/category/special/article/detail_158.html.
[9] World Resources Institute. Overcoming critical minerals shortages is key to achieving US climate goals[EB/OL].[2023-05-26]. https://www.wri.org/insights/critical-miner-als-us-climate-goals.
[10] IEA. Final list of critical minerals 2022[EB/OL].[2023-05-26]. https://www.iea.org/policies/15271-final-list-ofcritical-minerals-2022.
[11] US Geological Survey. A Federal strategy to ensure se-cure and reliable supplies of critical mineralsm[R/OL].[2023-05-26]. https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-re-ports/reports/2019/06/federal-strategy-ensure-secureand-reliable-supplies-critical-minerals.
[12] Kent H B. Strategic minerals in the new world order[M]. Carlisle, PA:USAEWC Press, 1993.
[13] UK Parliament. UK renewables:Critical minerals[R/OL].[2023-05-26]. https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/2021-03-15/debates/A7CFAB68-A47B-4475-AA95-6E7F6C17AF09/UKRenewablesCriticalMinerals#:~:text=The%20Critical%20Minerals%20Association%20has%20split%20the%20definition,and%20strategic%20miner-als%2C%20which%20have%20potential% 20defence% 20importance.
[14] Hiroki H, Kiyotaka T. Criticality assessment of metals for Japan's resource strategy[J]. Materials Transactions, 2015, 56(2):229-235.
[15] 马骏.海外铜业集团跨国矿业开发经验对提升我国铜资源保障程度的启示与思考[N].中国有色金属报, 2022-12-06(1).
[16] 李裕伟.世界主要地区矿业税费研究[J].中国国土资源经济, 2021, 34(1):11-20.
[17] Government of Canada. Countries commit to the sustain-able development and sourcing of critical minerals[EB/OL].[2023-05-26]. https://www.canada.ca/en/natural-re-sources-canada/news/2022/12/countries-commit-to-thesustainable-development-and-sourcing-of-critical-min-erals.html.
[18] Spokesperson for the US Department of State. Mineral se-curity partnership convening supports robust supply chains for clean energy technologies[EB/OL].[2023-05-26]. https://www.state.gov/minerals-security-partnershipconvening-supports-robust-supply-chains-for-cleanenergy-technologies.
